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O impacto da coabitação na relação entre avós e netos adolescentes: Intervenção do enfermeiro de família
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Abstract(s)
Portugal é um dos 27 estados-membros que tem a menor proporção de pessoas idosas a viverem sozinhas – cerca de 21,2%, sendo também o país onde, em 2020, cerca de 30,4% dos idosos viviam em outros tipos de agregado familiar, para além dos unipessoais e de díade nuclear (Eurostat, 2021). Para além disso, Portugal, é, também, o 8º país da União Europeia com maior proporção de população a viver vulnerabilidade social e económica, o que tem levado a que muitas famílias regressassem a casa dos seus pais, agora já avós, por impossibilidade de se autossustentarem (Observatório Nacional de Luta Contra a Pobreza, 2022).
Neste sentido, ao ser cada vez mais frequente a coabitação dos avós com os netos, foi desenvolvido o presente projeto de intervenção em enfermagem de saúde familiar com base numa metodologia de trabalho de projeto com três principais objetivos orientadores: cuidar de famílias, enquanto unidade de cuidados, e de cada um dos seus membros, ao longo do ciclo vital e aos diferentes níveis de prevenção; liderar os processos de intervenção no âmbito da enfermagem de saúde familiar; contribuir para a promoção da relação positiva entre neto(s) adolescente(s) e avó(s) dependente(s) a coabitarem. Para tal, foi elaborada uma revisão scoping para identificar as relações dos netos adolescentes com os avós quando coabitam, bem como um estudo de investigação quantitativo, transversal e descritivo, que envolveu 5 famílias de uma Unidade Saúde Familiar, cujos resultados permitiram concluir que quando a coabitação dos netos é com avós saudáveis, estes são um recurso, contribuindo, inclusive, para a formação da sua personalidade e quando é com avós dependentes, os netos adolescentes podem ser cuidadores auxiliares dos avós. Com base no Modelo Calgary de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar, foram planeadas intervenções de enfermagem que permitiram o envolvimento dos netos adolescentes na resolução de problemas identificados numa família com avó dependente.
O presente relatório documenta as atividades realizadas para o desenvolvimento de competências comuns de enfermeira especialista, bem como de mestre e especialista em enfermagem comunitária na área de enfermagem de saúde familiar.
Portugal is one of the 27 member states that has the lowest proportion of elderly people living alone – around 21.2%, and is also the country where, in 2020, around 30.4% of elderly people lived in other types of households. family, in addition to single-person and nuclear dyads (Eurostat, 2021). Furthermore, Portugal is also the 8th country in the European Union with the highest proportion of population experiencing social and economic vulnerability, which led to many families returning to their parents', now grandparents', home due to the impossibility of self-sustain (National Observatory for the Fight Against Poverty, 2022). In this sense, as grandparents cohabit with their grandchildren becoming increasingly frequent, this family health nursing intervention project was developed based on a project work methodology with three main objectives: caring for families, as a care unit care, and of each of its members, throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention; lead intervention processes within the scope of family health nursing; contribute to promoting the positive relationship between teenage grandchild(ren) and dependent grandmother(s) cohabiting. To this end, a scoping review was carried out to identify the relationships between teenage grandchildren and their grandparents when they cohabit, as well as a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive research study, which involved 5 families from a Family Health Unit, whose results allowed us to conclude that when grandchildren live with healthy grandparents, these are a care resource, even contributing to the formation of their personality and when they are with dependent grandparents, teenage grandchildren can be assistants to their grandparents. Based on the Calgary Family Assessment and Intervention Model, nursing interventions were planned that allowed the involvement of teenage grandchildren in solving problems identified in a family with a dependent grandmother. This report documents the activities carried out to develop common skills for specialist nurses, as well as master’s and specialists in community nursing in the area of family health nursing.
Portugal is one of the 27 member states that has the lowest proportion of elderly people living alone – around 21.2%, and is also the country where, in 2020, around 30.4% of elderly people lived in other types of households. family, in addition to single-person and nuclear dyads (Eurostat, 2021). Furthermore, Portugal is also the 8th country in the European Union with the highest proportion of population experiencing social and economic vulnerability, which led to many families returning to their parents', now grandparents', home due to the impossibility of self-sustain (National Observatory for the Fight Against Poverty, 2022). In this sense, as grandparents cohabit with their grandchildren becoming increasingly frequent, this family health nursing intervention project was developed based on a project work methodology with three main objectives: caring for families, as a care unit care, and of each of its members, throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention; lead intervention processes within the scope of family health nursing; contribute to promoting the positive relationship between teenage grandchild(ren) and dependent grandmother(s) cohabiting. To this end, a scoping review was carried out to identify the relationships between teenage grandchildren and their grandparents when they cohabit, as well as a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive research study, which involved 5 families from a Family Health Unit, whose results allowed us to conclude that when grandchildren live with healthy grandparents, these are a care resource, even contributing to the formation of their personality and when they are with dependent grandparents, teenage grandchildren can be assistants to their grandparents. Based on the Calgary Family Assessment and Intervention Model, nursing interventions were planned that allowed the involvement of teenage grandchildren in solving problems identified in a family with a dependent grandmother. This report documents the activities carried out to develop common skills for specialist nurses, as well as master’s and specialists in community nursing in the area of family health nursing.
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Keywords
Enfermagem em saúde comunitária Enfermagem familiar Avós Adolescente Relações familiares