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A tomada de decisão policial no contexto dos grandes eventos desportivos: um estudo naturalista
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Abstract(s)
O ambiente de atuação de um polícia é marcado pela complexidade, pelo risco e pela incerteza. O papel que este desempenha na sociedade faz com se lhe exija que decida em tempo oportuno, muitas vezes com informação escassa e com mais dúvidas que certezas. Para que tal seja possível o decisor policial socorre-se de ferramentas mentais, tais como as heurísticas e a experiência, para que se consiga adaptar num ambiente dinâmico e, desta forma, decidir de forma ecologicamente racional. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender de que forma decisores experientes, Oficiais da Polícia de Segurança Pública, lidam com a incerteza e tomam decisões no contexto dos grandes eventos desportivos. Foi realizado um estudo naturalista que consistiu no acompanhamento dos Oficiais de Polícia durante 12 policiamentos, analisando-se posteriormente os dados recolhidos através de pesquisa documental (Planeamento, Ordens de Operações e Relatórios de Policiamento Desportivo), observação no terreno e aplicação do protocolo think aloud. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados em conjunto com outros, de estudos anteriores, relativos a 33 policiamentos, perfazendo um total de 45 jogos de futebol de competições nacionais e europeias. Os resultados sugerem que a experiência, a utilização de heurísticas, a gestão da informação e a simulação mental são pilares centrais no processo de tomada de decisão em contextos marcados pela incerteza.
The environment of a police officer is marked by complexity, risk and uncertainty. The role it plays in society causes it to be required to make timely decisions, often with scant information and with more doubts than certainties. In order for this to be possible, the police decision-maker relies on mental tools, such as heuristics and experience, to be able to adapt in a dynamic environment and thus decide in an ecologically rational way. This study aims to understand how experienced decision makers, Public Safety Police Officers, deal with uncertainty and make decisions in the context of major sporting events. A naturalistic study was carried out, which consisted in the follow-up of Police Officers during 12 events, analyzing later the data collected through documentary research (Planning, Operations Orders and Sports Policing Reports), field observation and application of the think aloud protocol . The results obtained were analyzed in conjunction with others, from previous studies, related to 33 events, making a total of 45 football matches of national and european competitions. The results suggest that the experience, the use of heuristics, the information management and the mental simulation are central pillars in the process of decision making in contexts marked by uncertainty.
The environment of a police officer is marked by complexity, risk and uncertainty. The role it plays in society causes it to be required to make timely decisions, often with scant information and with more doubts than certainties. In order for this to be possible, the police decision-maker relies on mental tools, such as heuristics and experience, to be able to adapt in a dynamic environment and thus decide in an ecologically rational way. This study aims to understand how experienced decision makers, Public Safety Police Officers, deal with uncertainty and make decisions in the context of major sporting events. A naturalistic study was carried out, which consisted in the follow-up of Police Officers during 12 events, analyzing later the data collected through documentary research (Planning, Operations Orders and Sports Policing Reports), field observation and application of the think aloud protocol . The results obtained were analyzed in conjunction with others, from previous studies, related to 33 events, making a total of 45 football matches of national and european competitions. The results suggest that the experience, the use of heuristics, the information management and the mental simulation are central pillars in the process of decision making in contexts marked by uncertainty.
Description
Keywords
Polícia de Segurança Pública Incerteza Grandes eventos desportivos Tomada de decisão naturalista Tomada de decisão policial