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Publication
Saúde oral infantil na freguesia de Fernão Ferro
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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Este estudo transversal teve como objetivos quantificar a prevalência de maloclusão correlacionando as variáveis com o género e a idade, calcular o índice de cpod avaliando a prevalência de cárie dentária.
Materiais e métodos: Realizou-se exame clínico, sendo a amostra composta por 172 crianças de ambos os géneros e com idades entre os 3 - 5 anos, no colégio “A Casinha Mágica”, “O Nosso jardim”, “O Piparote" e, “Seixal International School”. O exame clínico foi realizado utilizando kits de observação descartáveis, na sala das crianças participantes, nos diferentes colégios enumerados.
Resultados: A amostra estudada apresentou uma elevada prevalência de maloclusão (98,8%), superior a outros estudos semelhantes. O degrau mesial (61,6%/ 64,5%) e a classe I canina (52,9%/ 58,7%) foram os prevalentes tanto à direita como à esquerda. Foi possível constatar que 24,4% das crianças observadas apresentava uma sobremordida aumentada, 27,3% uma sobressaliência aumentada e, 15,7% uma mordida aberta anterior; tendo estas duas últimas variáveis uma correlação negativa com a idade estatisticamente significativa. Verificou-se uma prevalência de cárie dentária de 20,4%, sendo que o componente «cariado» do índice cpod correspondeu a 91,1% dos dentes. Estava isenta desta patologia 82,0% da amostra. Notou-se uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre cpod-overjet e cpod-diastemas, estando este índice mais baixo nas crianças que apresentavam overjet aumentado e presença de diastemas.
Conclusão: A prevalência da maloclusão no Distrito Sanitário de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo tem vindo a aumentar. Comparando com os estudos realizados nesta zona, entre 2005-2019, passou de 44,0% para 98,8%. A prevalência de cárie precoce de infância, nesta amostra foi considerada baixa quando comparada com outros estudos, no entanto, localmente verificou-se elevada, o que aponta para uma grande necessidade de tratamentos dentários por parte da população.
Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of malocclusion by relating variables to gender and age and calculate the dmft index assessing the prevalence of dental caries. Materials and methods: A clinical examination was carried out on a sample consisting of 172 children of both genders, aged between 3 - 5 years old, at the “A Casinha Mágica”, “O Nosso Jardim”, “O Piparote” and “Seixal International School” kindergartens. The clinical examination was carried out using disposable observation kits, in the participating children's classroom, in each of the kindergartens. Results: The studied sample showed a high prevalence of malocclusion (98,8%), higher than other similar studies. The mesial step (61,6%/ 64,5%) and canine class I (52,9%/ 58,7%) were the prevalent relationships on the right and left, respectively. It was verified that in the observed children, 24,4% had an increased overbite, 27,3% an increased overjet and 15,7% presented with an anterior open bite; these last two variables had a statistically significant negative correlation with age. The observed caries prevalence was 20,4%, with the «decayed» component of the dmft index corresponding to 91,1% of teeth. Of the sampled children, 82,0% were free of this pathology. A statistically significant relationship was noted between dmft-overjet and dmft-diastema, with the dmft index being lower in children who had an increased overjet and the presence of diastema. Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the Sanitary District of Lisbon and Tagus Valley has been increasing. When compared with studies carried out in this area, from 2005-2019, it increased from 44,0% to 98,8%. The prevalence of early childhood caries in this sample was comparatively low when considering other studies, however, locally was found to be high, which points to a definitive need for dental treatments by the population.
Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of malocclusion by relating variables to gender and age and calculate the dmft index assessing the prevalence of dental caries. Materials and methods: A clinical examination was carried out on a sample consisting of 172 children of both genders, aged between 3 - 5 years old, at the “A Casinha Mágica”, “O Nosso Jardim”, “O Piparote” and “Seixal International School” kindergartens. The clinical examination was carried out using disposable observation kits, in the participating children's classroom, in each of the kindergartens. Results: The studied sample showed a high prevalence of malocclusion (98,8%), higher than other similar studies. The mesial step (61,6%/ 64,5%) and canine class I (52,9%/ 58,7%) were the prevalent relationships on the right and left, respectively. It was verified that in the observed children, 24,4% had an increased overbite, 27,3% an increased overjet and 15,7% presented with an anterior open bite; these last two variables had a statistically significant negative correlation with age. The observed caries prevalence was 20,4%, with the «decayed» component of the dmft index corresponding to 91,1% of teeth. Of the sampled children, 82,0% were free of this pathology. A statistically significant relationship was noted between dmft-overjet and dmft-diastema, with the dmft index being lower in children who had an increased overjet and the presence of diastema. Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the Sanitary District of Lisbon and Tagus Valley has been increasing. When compared with studies carried out in this area, from 2005-2019, it increased from 44,0% to 98,8%. The prevalence of early childhood caries in this sample was comparatively low when considering other studies, however, locally was found to be high, which points to a definitive need for dental treatments by the population.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Cárie dentária Dentição decídua Maloclusão Saúde oral infantil