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Estudo da hipomineralização incisivo molar numa população pediátrica na clínica dentária Egas Moniz
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A hipomineralização Incisivo Molar (HIM) constitui um defeito qualitativo de esmalte, que afeta pelo menos um primeiro molar definitivo podendo ou não afetar também os incisivos definitivos. O diagnóstico, classificação e tratamento desta condição continua a ser um desafio para os médicos dentistas sobretudo pela falta de conhecimento acerca da sua etiologia e patogénese.
Objetivos: Este estudo transversal tem como objetivo analisar uma população de crianças que apresentem HIM, utilizando um sistema de classificação que nos permita distinguir a severidade da HIM presente. Visa também relacionar a severidade da HIM com eventos que tenham ocorrido entre o período gestacional e os primeiros três anos de vida, possivelmente associados à etiologia da condição.
Materiais e métodos: Um questionário foi implementado numa amostra de 29 pacientes pediátricos com HIM recolhida na Clínica Dentária Egas Moniz. O questionário é constituído pela história clínica, pelos dados da gestação e dos primeiros três anos de vida das crianças, preenchidos pelos representantes legais dos participantes e, adicionalmente, pela classificação da hipomineralização incisivo molar preenchido pelo examinador do estudo.
Resultados: A HIM foi identificada numa amostra de 29 crianças, 15 do sexo feminino e 14 do sexo masculino. A idade mais prevalente foi os 9 anos. Cerca de 31% apresentou um grau leve de hipomineralização e 69% apresentou um grau severo de HIM.
Conclusões: Um grau severo de HIM foi observado na maioria da amostra de estudo, pelo que é importante implementar abordagens de tratamento adequadas à gravidade das manifestações clínicas. Dado o reduzido tamanho da amostra, não foi possível estabelecer uma correlação significativa entre o grau de severidade da HIM e as variáveis relacionadas com as características da população e eventos durante o período gestacional
e os primeiros três anos de vida.
Introduction: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative enamel defect that affects at least one permanent first molar and may or not affect permanent incisors. The diagnosis, classification and treatment of this condition continues to be a challenge for dental doctors, mainly due to the lack of knowledge about it’s etiology and pathogenesis. Purpose: This cross-sectional study aims to analyze a population of children with MIH, using a classification system that allows us to distinguish the severity of the MIH present. It also aims to relate the severity of MIH to events that occurred between the gestational period and the first three years of life, possibly associated with the etiology of the condition. Materials and methods: A questionnaire was implemented in a sample of 29 pediatric patients with MIH collected at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic. The questionnaire consists of a clinical history, data on pregnancy and the first three years of the children’s lives, completed by the participant’s legal representatives and, additionally, the classification of molar incisor hypomineralization completed by the study examiner. Results: MIH was identified in a sample of 29 children, 15 female and 14 male. The most prevalent age was 9 years. Around 31% had a mild degree of hypomineralization and 69% had a severe degree of MIH. Conclusions: A severe degree of MIH was observed in the majority of the study sample, therefor it is important to implement treatment approaches appropriated to the severity of the clinical manifestations. Given the small sample size, it was not possible to establish a significant correlation between the degree of severity of MIH and variables related to the characteristics of the population and events during the gestational period and the first three years of life.
Introduction: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative enamel defect that affects at least one permanent first molar and may or not affect permanent incisors. The diagnosis, classification and treatment of this condition continues to be a challenge for dental doctors, mainly due to the lack of knowledge about it’s etiology and pathogenesis. Purpose: This cross-sectional study aims to analyze a population of children with MIH, using a classification system that allows us to distinguish the severity of the MIH present. It also aims to relate the severity of MIH to events that occurred between the gestational period and the first three years of life, possibly associated with the etiology of the condition. Materials and methods: A questionnaire was implemented in a sample of 29 pediatric patients with MIH collected at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic. The questionnaire consists of a clinical history, data on pregnancy and the first three years of the children’s lives, completed by the participant’s legal representatives and, additionally, the classification of molar incisor hypomineralization completed by the study examiner. Results: MIH was identified in a sample of 29 children, 15 female and 14 male. The most prevalent age was 9 years. Around 31% had a mild degree of hypomineralization and 69% had a severe degree of MIH. Conclusions: A severe degree of MIH was observed in the majority of the study sample, therefor it is important to implement treatment approaches appropriated to the severity of the clinical manifestations. Given the small sample size, it was not possible to establish a significant correlation between the degree of severity of MIH and variables related to the characteristics of the population and events during the gestational period and the first three years of life.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Hipomineralização incisivo molar Defeito de desenvolvimento de esmalte Classificação da severidade Etiologia