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Novas abordagens no tratamento da dermatite seborreica
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Dermatite Seborreica é uma patologia inflamatória da pele de etiologia atualmente desconhecida. É caracterizada por placas descamativas, na maioria das vezes com prurido. Afeta principalmente zonas com elevada produção de sebo tais como, couro cabeludo, face e dobras cutâneas. Ainda não existe cura, mas há tratamentos que tentam aliviar os sintomas associados. Os tratamentos mais convencionais passam por antifúngicos e corticosteroides, mas com a possibilidade de ocorrerem resistências futuras há necessidade de serem desenvolvidos novos tratamentos.
Objetivos: compreender a etiologia da Dermatite Seborreica, descrever os sinais e sintomas, comparar vários tipos de tratamento e identificar o papel do farmacêutico na desmistificação da doença.
Métodos: Revisão da literatura mais recente efetuada através de pesquisa em bases de dados como PubMed, Cochrane, MedlinePlus, SciELO e ScienceDirect. Os artigos utilizados foram escritos em língua portuguesa, espanhola e inglesa e publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Os termos MESH utilizados foram: (seborrheic dermatitis); (seborrheic dermatitis AND treatment); (seborrheic dermatitis AND malassezia); (seborrheic dermatitis AND children)
Resultados: Após a revisão da literatura mais recente pôde concluir-se que os tratamentos convencionais passam pelo uso de antifúngicos ou corticosteroides, continuando a ser bastante utilizados, porém há um risco elevado de se desenvolverem resistências a estes tratamentos. A quantidade de novos estudos é escassa. Ainda assim foram descritas 6 novas abordagens, em que apenas uma não demonstrou ser muito promissora.
Conclusão: Apesar de bastante prevalente, a etiologia da Dermatite Seborreica continua desconhecida. Não obstante, existem alguns tratamentos promissores para o controlo desta doença, embora os estudos realizados ainda sejam escassos. Mesmo não sendo uma patologia de elevada gravidade, ela compromete a qualidade de vida do doente pois está associada a um elevado estigma. Neste aspeto, é muito importante um bom acompanhamento da família e amigos, podendo, se necessário recorrer-se ao acompanhamento psicológico. O Farmacêutico, pela sua posição privilegiada junto da comunidade, é um elemento crucial na promoção da literacia em saúde e contribui assim, para a desmistificação da doença. Este papel assenta não só no processo de explicação ao utente da condição, como também no aconselhamento de medidas de prevenção do agravamento de crises.
Introduction: Seborrheic Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition currently with an unknown aetiology. It is characterized by scaly patches, most often with itching. It mainly affects areas with high sebum production such as scalp, face and skin folds. There is still no cure, but there are treatments that try to relieve the associated symptoms. The most conventional treatments include antifungals and corticosteroids, but with the possibility of future resist ance occurring, there is a need to develop new treatments. Objectives: Understand the aetiology of Seborrheic Dermatitis, describe the signs and symptoms, compare distinct types of treatments and identify the pharmacist’s role in demystifying the disease. Methods: Review of the most recent literature conducted by searching databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, MedlinePlus, SciELO and ScienceDirect. The articles used were written in Portuguese, Spanish and English and published in the last 10 years. The MESH terms used were: (seborrheic dermatitis); (seborrheic dermatitis AND treatment); (seborrheic dermatitis AND malassezia); (seborrheic dermatitis AND Children) Results: After reviewing the most recent literature, can be concluded that conventional treatmen ts involve the use of antifungals or corticosteroids, which continue to be widely used, but there is a high risk of developing resistance to these treatments. The number of new studies is scarce. Even so, 6 new approaches were described, only one of which did not prove to be very promising. Conclusions: Although quite prevalent, Seborrheic Dermatitis remains with undiscovered aetiology. However, there are some promising treatments for controlling this disease, although studies are still scarce. Even though it is n´t a highly serious pathology, it compromises the patient's quality of life as it is associated with high stigma. In this aspect, good monitoring of family and friends is very important, and psychological support can be used if ne cessary. The Pharmacist, due to his privileged position within the community, is a crucial element in promoting health literacy and thus contributes to the demystification of the disease. This role is based not only on the process of explaining the condition to the user, but also on advising on measures to prevent the worsening of crises.
Introduction: Seborrheic Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition currently with an unknown aetiology. It is characterized by scaly patches, most often with itching. It mainly affects areas with high sebum production such as scalp, face and skin folds. There is still no cure, but there are treatments that try to relieve the associated symptoms. The most conventional treatments include antifungals and corticosteroids, but with the possibility of future resist ance occurring, there is a need to develop new treatments. Objectives: Understand the aetiology of Seborrheic Dermatitis, describe the signs and symptoms, compare distinct types of treatments and identify the pharmacist’s role in demystifying the disease. Methods: Review of the most recent literature conducted by searching databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, MedlinePlus, SciELO and ScienceDirect. The articles used were written in Portuguese, Spanish and English and published in the last 10 years. The MESH terms used were: (seborrheic dermatitis); (seborrheic dermatitis AND treatment); (seborrheic dermatitis AND malassezia); (seborrheic dermatitis AND Children) Results: After reviewing the most recent literature, can be concluded that conventional treatmen ts involve the use of antifungals or corticosteroids, which continue to be widely used, but there is a high risk of developing resistance to these treatments. The number of new studies is scarce. Even so, 6 new approaches were described, only one of which did not prove to be very promising. Conclusions: Although quite prevalent, Seborrheic Dermatitis remains with undiscovered aetiology. However, there are some promising treatments for controlling this disease, although studies are still scarce. Even though it is n´t a highly serious pathology, it compromises the patient's quality of life as it is associated with high stigma. In this aspect, good monitoring of family and friends is very important, and psychological support can be used if ne cessary. The Pharmacist, due to his privileged position within the community, is a crucial element in promoting health literacy and thus contributes to the demystification of the disease. This role is based not only on the process of explaining the condition to the user, but also on advising on measures to prevent the worsening of crises.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Dermatite seborreica Tratamento Dermatoses Malassezia