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A presente dissertação tem como objetivo realizar um estudo piloto no sentido de fazer um levantamento sobre necessidades para criar equipas de Intervenção Precoce na Infância (IPI) e promover a sua operacionalização no apoio de crianças com perturbações do desenvolvimento e suas famílias. Nesse sentido, pretende-se analisar as necessidades educativas dessas crianças, procurando conhecer os procedimentos implementados no seu atendimento em Jardins-de-infância na Guiné-Bissau. É feita uma análise dos potenciais problemas da população-alvo, de forma a facilitar a criação de equipas ou serviços de IPI, em instituições públicas e particulares a nível da educação pré-escolar na Guiné-Bissau.
Assim, foram realizadas entrevistas considerando grupos focais constituídos por 21 famílias de diferentes regiões da Guiné-Bissau, com o propósito de compreender as suas necessidades, prioridades e anseios, em relação aos seus filhos com perturbações do desenvolvimento.
Adicionalmente, foram realizadas entrevistas considerando um grupo focal constituído por 15 diretores e outro grupo focal constituído por 27 educadores de jardins de infância que trabalham, direta ou indiretamente, com esta população-alvo e que poderão contribuir com as suas opiniões, expectativas e ambições sobre IPI, para que se possa pensar em constituir no futuro, uma resposta no domínio da Intervenção Precoce na Infância nos Jardins-de-infância da Guiné-Bissau.
Os entrevistados foram consensuais no entendimento sobre a IPI e seu modo de operacionalização, tendo manifestado interesse em ter um serviço de IPI e, destacando-se neste estudo, a recomendação para formação e capacitação contínua dos profissionais e a necessidade de sensibilização e envolvimento das famílias para promover o desenvolvimento das crianças. Para além disso, salientam a necessidade de um compromisso estatal para a expansão da educação, da criação de equipas de atendimento especializado, da inclusão da educação especial no currículo e da prioridade de crianças com deficiência no acesso ao jardim de infância.
A conclusão do estudo pretende apontar caminhos para o delineamento de um projeto futuro para estruturação de um Serviço Técnico de Intervenção Precoce (STIP). Nesse âmbito, são apresentadas as linhas orientadoras para a criação do referido STIP com objetivos, metodologia, recursos e avaliação, para que, posteriormente, possa vir a ser apresentado às entidades competentes na Guiné-Bissau.
The aim of this dissertation is to conduct a pilot study to assess the needs to create Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) teams and to promote their implementation in order to support children with developmental disorders and their families. In this regard, the study seeks to analyse the educational needs of these children, and to understand the procedures currently in place for their care in preschools, in Guinea-Bissau. To this end, an analysis of the potential problems of the target population is carried out, in order to facilitate the creation of ECI teams or services within public and private preschool institutions in Guinea-Bissau. Focus group interviews were conducted with 21 families from different regions of the country, to gain insight into their needs, priorities, and expectations regarding their children with developmental disorders. Additionally, focus group interviews were held with 15 preschool directors and 27 preschool teachers who work directly or indirectly with this target population and who could contribute their perspectives on ECI as well as their aspirations for developing a future response in the field of Early Childhood Intervention in preschools in Guinea-Bissau. The participants showed a shared understanding of ECI and its implementation, expressing strong interest in having an ECI service. They especially emphasised the need for ongoing professional training and capacity building, family awareness and involvement, and state commitment to expanding education, creating specialised support teams, including special education in the curriculum, and prioritising children with disabilities in preschool access. The study aims to outline directions for the design of a future project to structure an Early Childhood Intervention Service (ECIS). In this context, guidelines for the creation of the ECIS are presented, including its objectives, methodology, resources, and evaluation framework, so that it can subsequently be submitted to the relevant authorities in Guinea-Bissau.
The aim of this dissertation is to conduct a pilot study to assess the needs to create Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) teams and to promote their implementation in order to support children with developmental disorders and their families. In this regard, the study seeks to analyse the educational needs of these children, and to understand the procedures currently in place for their care in preschools, in Guinea-Bissau. To this end, an analysis of the potential problems of the target population is carried out, in order to facilitate the creation of ECI teams or services within public and private preschool institutions in Guinea-Bissau. Focus group interviews were conducted with 21 families from different regions of the country, to gain insight into their needs, priorities, and expectations regarding their children with developmental disorders. Additionally, focus group interviews were held with 15 preschool directors and 27 preschool teachers who work directly or indirectly with this target population and who could contribute their perspectives on ECI as well as their aspirations for developing a future response in the field of Early Childhood Intervention in preschools in Guinea-Bissau. The participants showed a shared understanding of ECI and its implementation, expressing strong interest in having an ECI service. They especially emphasised the need for ongoing professional training and capacity building, family awareness and involvement, and state commitment to expanding education, creating specialised support teams, including special education in the curriculum, and prioritising children with disabilities in preschool access. The study aims to outline directions for the design of a future project to structure an Early Childhood Intervention Service (ECIS). In this context, guidelines for the creation of the ECIS are presented, including its objectives, methodology, resources, and evaluation framework, so that it can subsequently be submitted to the relevant authorities in Guinea-Bissau.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Intervenção precoce na infância Criança Família Early childhood intervention Child Family
