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A venda de falsos estupefacientes e substâncias psicotrópicas: a qualificação jurídico-penal
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| 2.88 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A venda de substâncias lícitas como se de produto estupefaciente se tratasse, vulgarmente conhecido como falso tráfico de droga, é de facto uma prática capaz de lesar bens jurídicos e cada vez mais assídua nas cidades portuguesas. A polícia e, por inerência, os elementos policiais, no desempenho das suas funções, debatem-se com um problema legal, pois, uma vez que as substâncias referidas não têm natureza estupefaciente ou psicotrópica, a sua venda não parece consubstanciar um tipo de ilícito criminal, pelo que não têm legitimidade para proceder a detenções. Na falta de enquadramento legal que criminalize esse comportamento, a solução encontrada pelas autoridades competentes para tentar combatê-lo, foi o seu enquadramento como ilícito de mera ordenação social de venda ambulante sem licença, que embora não crie condições para colocar os seus autores na prisão, permite fazer pressão. No sentido de se perceber de que forma deverá o falso tráfico de droga ser punida no sistema jurídico português, é necessário analisar o ordenamento jurídico português, para saber se o comportamento em apreço preenche os elementos objetivos e subjetivos de algum tipo de crime ou contraordenação previsto e punido na legislação portuguesa. Destarte, com o suporte da Doutrina e Jurisprudência procura-se responder ao problema exposto, nomeadamente através da tipificação num ilícito já existente ou constatando-se que não existe, na realidade, uma norma que o puna devidamente. De forma a dar um contributo maior à investigação, seria ainda objeto deste estudo a análise de Direito Comparado.
The sale of legal substances as if they were a narcotic product, commonly known as false drug trafficking, is in fact a practice capable of harming legal assets and increasingly assiduous in portuguese cities. The police and, inherently, the police elements, in the performance of their duties, face a legal problem, because, since the substances mentioned have no narcotic or psychotropic nature, their sale does not seem to constitute a type of criminal offense, so they have no legitimacy to make arrests. In the absence of a legal standard that criminalizes this behavior, the solution found by the competent authorities to try to combat it, was its framing as an administrative offence of street vending without a license, which although it does not create conditions to put its authors in prison, allows to apply pressure. In order to understand how false drug trafficking should be punished in the portuguese legal system, it is necessary to analyze it, in order to know if the behavior in question fulfills the objective and subjective elements of some type of predicted and punished crime or administrative offense in portuguese legislation. Thereby, with the support of doctrine and jurisprudence, we seek to respond to the problem exposed, namely through the classification of an already existing offense or by realizing that there is not, in reality, a norm that punishes it properly. In order to make a greater contribution to the investigation, the analysis of comparative law would also be the object of this study.
The sale of legal substances as if they were a narcotic product, commonly known as false drug trafficking, is in fact a practice capable of harming legal assets and increasingly assiduous in portuguese cities. The police and, inherently, the police elements, in the performance of their duties, face a legal problem, because, since the substances mentioned have no narcotic or psychotropic nature, their sale does not seem to constitute a type of criminal offense, so they have no legitimacy to make arrests. In the absence of a legal standard that criminalizes this behavior, the solution found by the competent authorities to try to combat it, was its framing as an administrative offence of street vending without a license, which although it does not create conditions to put its authors in prison, allows to apply pressure. In order to understand how false drug trafficking should be punished in the portuguese legal system, it is necessary to analyze it, in order to know if the behavior in question fulfills the objective and subjective elements of some type of predicted and punished crime or administrative offense in portuguese legislation. Thereby, with the support of doctrine and jurisprudence, we seek to respond to the problem exposed, namely through the classification of an already existing offense or by realizing that there is not, in reality, a norm that punishes it properly. In order to make a greater contribution to the investigation, the analysis of comparative law would also be the object of this study.
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Keywords
Falso tráfico de droga Venda de falsos estupefacientes e substâncias psicotrópicas Imitações de substâncias controladas