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Framework para a redução de inventário numa empresa farmacêutica
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A gestão de inventário desempenha um papel crítico na eficiência logística e financeira das empresas. O setor farmacêutico não é uma exceção, dado o seu carácter extremamente regulado, sensível ao tempo e com produtos de elevado valor. Segundo Ahmadi et al. (2022), “As despesas globais com cuidados de saúde representaram cerca de 9,8% do PIB mundial em 2019, atingindo 8,5 biliões de dólares. Os medicamentos representam aproximadamente 10 a 30% das despesas globais com saúde (McKone-Sweet et al., 2005), sendo que uma parte significativa destes medicamentos é perdida devido à má gestão de inventário e logística (Boerma et al., 2009).” (p.1 (Tradução livre do original em inglês.) Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um framework (modelo) de melhorias no processo de gestão de inventário de uma empresa farmacêutica, com vista à redução de ineficiências, aumento da visibilidade operacional e otimização dos níveis de inventário. A investigação segue uma abordagem de estudo de caso, envolvendo a recolha de dados, análise documental e questionários aplicados a colaboradores-chave da organização. Através dos dados recolhidos, foram identificados os principais desafios enfrentados pela empresa, como previsões imprecisas, excesso ou falta de inventário de segurança e dificuldades de integração entre sistemas. Com base nos resultados, é apresentada uma proposta de melhoria fundamentada em boas práticas logísticas, Key Performance Indicator (KPI) e apoio de modelos estatísticos de previsão robustos, como Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Holt-Winters e Prophet. A proposta visa não só a eficiência operacional, mas também a conformidade regulatória. Este estudo contribui para o conhecimento aplicado da gestão de inventário no setor farmacêutico e oferece uma base prática para futuras intervenções organizacionais.
Inventory management plays a critical role in ensuring the logistical and financial efficiency of companies. The pharmaceutical sector is no exception, given its highly regulated nature, time sensitivity, and the high value of its products. According to Ahmadi et al. (2022), “Global healthcare expenditures accounted for around 9.8% of the world’s GDP in 2019, reaching $8.5 trillion. Medicines represent approximately 10 to 30% of global healthcare expenditures (McKone-Sweet et al., 2005), while a significant portion of these medicines is lost due to poor inventory and logistics management (Boerma et al., 2009).” (p.1, free translation from the original in English). The purpose of this study is to present a framework for improving the inventory management process of a pharmaceutical company, aiming at reducing inefficiencies, enhancing operational visibility, and optimizing inventory levels. The research adopts a case study approach, involving data collection, document analysis, and questionnaires administered to key organizational stakeholders. Based on the data collected, the main challenges faced by the company were identified, such as inaccurate forecasts, excess or shortage of safety inventory, and difficulties in system integration. From these findings, an improvement proposal is presented, grounded in logistics best practices, Key Performance Indicators (KPI), and supported by robust statistical forecasting models such as Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Holt-Winters, and Prophet. The proposal aims not only at operational efficiency but also at regulatory compliance. This study contributes to applied knowledge in inventory management within the pharmaceutical sector and provides a practical foundation for future organizational interventions.
Inventory management plays a critical role in ensuring the logistical and financial efficiency of companies. The pharmaceutical sector is no exception, given its highly regulated nature, time sensitivity, and the high value of its products. According to Ahmadi et al. (2022), “Global healthcare expenditures accounted for around 9.8% of the world’s GDP in 2019, reaching $8.5 trillion. Medicines represent approximately 10 to 30% of global healthcare expenditures (McKone-Sweet et al., 2005), while a significant portion of these medicines is lost due to poor inventory and logistics management (Boerma et al., 2009).” (p.1, free translation from the original in English). The purpose of this study is to present a framework for improving the inventory management process of a pharmaceutical company, aiming at reducing inefficiencies, enhancing operational visibility, and optimizing inventory levels. The research adopts a case study approach, involving data collection, document analysis, and questionnaires administered to key organizational stakeholders. Based on the data collected, the main challenges faced by the company were identified, such as inaccurate forecasts, excess or shortage of safety inventory, and difficulties in system integration. From these findings, an improvement proposal is presented, grounded in logistics best practices, Key Performance Indicators (KPI), and supported by robust statistical forecasting models such as Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Holt-Winters, and Prophet. The proposal aims not only at operational efficiency but also at regulatory compliance. This study contributes to applied knowledge in inventory management within the pharmaceutical sector and provides a practical foundation for future organizational interventions.
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Palavras-chave
Inventário Modelos estatísticos Eficiência Redução de custos Inventory Statistical models Efficiency Cost reduction