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Investigação criminal em Cabo Verde recolha de imagens enquanto meio de prova em processo penal
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Abstract(s)
Com o desenvolver das tecnologias, as forças de segurança têm vindo a ter ao seu
dispor um leque diversificado de meios de provas, como por exemplo as provas digitais,
que nos dias de hoje têm se consubstanciado em um excelente auxílio para o alcance da
justiça penal, mesmo obtidos de forma ilícita, constituirão uma possível solução para a
investigação.
As imagens e gravações podem assumir como provas de singular relevância para a
descoberta da verdade, porém são provas excessivamente invasivas, podendo ferir direitos
fundamentais, como o direito à imagem, intimidade, liberdade e vida privada.
Muitas são as questões levantadas relativamente à utilização de imagens como
provas em processo penal. Por um lado, temos direitos fundamentais, por outro lado, temos
os fins processuais, contudo esses direitos não podem ser tomados como garantidos e
absoluto, podendo ser restringidos em prol de outros direitos, fundamentada no princípio
da proporcionalidade, adequação e legalidade.
Não havendo uma hierarquização de direitos no ordenamento jurídico cabo verdiano, havendo colisão de direitos, deve-se recorrer ao princípio da proporcionalidade
de forma a garantir que a restrição de direitos seja o menos lesivo possível.
O fundamento da Investigação criminal está na existência de um processo penal,
que é a sua essência e o seu limite. É necessário que ocorra um ilícito criminal, para que
haja investigação criminal, com a finalidade de localizar, recolher e preservar as provas de
forma a conduzir-nos à descoberta e demostração da verdade material do facto.
No âmbito da investigação criminal de crimes de grande envergadura, como a
criminalidade organizada e violenta, branqueamento de capital, criminalidade económica
e financeira, as autoridades têm-se recorrido cada vez mais a ações de vigilância policial,
que tem se revelado de grande eficácia para determinar o circuito envolvido.
With the development of technology, the security forces have had at their disposal a diversified range of means of proof, such as, for example, digital evidence, which nowadays is an excellent aid for achieving criminal justice, even if obtained illegally, it is a possible solution for the investigation. The images and recordings may assume singular relevance as evidence for the discovery of the truth, however, they are excessively invasive evidence, and may harm fundamental rights, such as the right to image, intimacy, freedom and private life. Many are the questions raised regarding the use of images as evidence in criminal proceedings. On one hand, we have fundamental rights, on the other hand, we have procedural purposes, however these rights cannot be taken as guaranteed and absolute, and may be restricted in favour of other rights, based on the principle of proportionality, adequacy and legality. As there is no hierarchy of rights in the Cape Verdean legal system, in the event of a collision of rights, the principle of proportionality must be used to ensure that the restriction of rights is the least harmful possible. The foundation of the criminal investigation lies in the existence of a criminal process, which is its essence and its limit. It is necessary that a criminal offence occurs for there to be a criminal investigation, with the purpose of locating, collecting and preserving evidence in order to lead us to the discovery and demonstration of the material truth of the fact. Within the scope of the criminal investigation of large-scale crimes, such as organised and violent crime, money laundering, economic and financial crime, the authorities have increasingly resorted to police surveillance actions, which have proved to be very effective in determining the circuit involved.
With the development of technology, the security forces have had at their disposal a diversified range of means of proof, such as, for example, digital evidence, which nowadays is an excellent aid for achieving criminal justice, even if obtained illegally, it is a possible solution for the investigation. The images and recordings may assume singular relevance as evidence for the discovery of the truth, however, they are excessively invasive evidence, and may harm fundamental rights, such as the right to image, intimacy, freedom and private life. Many are the questions raised regarding the use of images as evidence in criminal proceedings. On one hand, we have fundamental rights, on the other hand, we have procedural purposes, however these rights cannot be taken as guaranteed and absolute, and may be restricted in favour of other rights, based on the principle of proportionality, adequacy and legality. As there is no hierarchy of rights in the Cape Verdean legal system, in the event of a collision of rights, the principle of proportionality must be used to ensure that the restriction of rights is the least harmful possible. The foundation of the criminal investigation lies in the existence of a criminal process, which is its essence and its limit. It is necessary that a criminal offence occurs for there to be a criminal investigation, with the purpose of locating, collecting and preserving evidence in order to lead us to the discovery and demonstration of the material truth of the fact. Within the scope of the criminal investigation of large-scale crimes, such as organised and violent crime, money laundering, economic and financial crime, the authorities have increasingly resorted to police surveillance actions, which have proved to be very effective in determining the circuit involved.
Description
Keywords
Imagens Direitos fundamentais Investigação criminal Fins processais Images Fundamental rights Criminal investigation Procedural purposes