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Gestão florestal em propriedade privada não industrial
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Abstract(s)
A Floresta Portuguesa ocupa 3.2 milhões de hectares, o que corresponde a 35,4% do território
nacional, registando entre 2005 e 2010 um decréscimo de 57 mil hectares. Segue-se 32% com
ocupação agrícola e 24% com áreas de incultos (PEFC Portugal, 2019). A propriedade florestal é
maioritariamente privada, com 2,8 milhões de hectares, ou seja, 84,2% da área total detida por
pequenos proprietários de cariz familiar dos quais 6,5% são pertencentes a empresas industriais.
As áreas públicas correspondem a 15,8% do total, dos quais apenas 2% (a menor percentagem
da Europa) são do domínio privado do Estado. (PEFC Portugal, 2019)
A dimensão da propriedade florestal tem uma distribuição geográfica muito marcada, sendo
que o grande número de prédios se situa no Norte e Centro, onde as explorações chegam a
atingir dimensões com menos de 1 hectare. Estima-se que existem cerca de meio milhão de
proprietários florestais.
A falta de gestão florestal, a fragmentação excessiva da terra, o êxodo rural, o aumento dos
incêndios florestais, entre outras razões, levou à criação das Zonas de Intervenção Florestal (ZIF),
como um meio para tentar resolver esses problemas.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o estudo das características estruturais da
propriedade privada não industrial e suas implicações na gestão florestal, tem por base
caraterizar e georreferenciar as explorações florestais dos proprietários aderentes de ZIF em
zonas de intervenção da entidade gestora, Caule – Associação florestal da Beira Serra. Numa
zona de país onde não existe cadastro florestal à exceção do concelho de Oliveira do Hospital,
que fez parte de um projeto piloto em 2014-2018, torna-se imprescindível conhecer e afetar as
propriedades através da georreferenciação aos respetivos detentores. É assim urgente,
conhecer, classificar e afetar estas propriedades ao respetivo dono. Numa zona onde impera o
minifúndio, as pequenas parcelas fazem parte do quotidiano da maioria dos proprietários o que
revela à partida uma dificuldade acrescida pois o tempo despendido é sem dúvida maior para
obter uma área total relevante.
Palavras-chave: Cadastro Florestal, Inventário Estrutura da Propriedade, ZIF
The Portuguese Forest occupies 3.2 million hectares, which corresponds to 35.4% of the national territory, registering between 2005 and 2010 a decrease of 57 thousand hectares. It follows 32% with agricultural occupation and 24% with uncultivated areas (PEFC Portugal, 2019). Forest ownership is mostly private, with 2.8 million hectares, or 84.2% of the total area owned by small family owners of which 6.5% is owned by industrial companies. Public areas account for 15.8% of the total, of which only 2% (the lowest percentage in Europe) is in the private domain of the state. (PEFC Portugal, 2019) The size of the forest property has a very marked geographical distribution, and the large number of buildings is in the North and Center, where farms reach dimensions of less than 1 hectare. It is estimated that there are about half a million forest owners. Lack of forest management, excessive land fragmentation, rural exodus, increased forest fires, among other reasons, led to the establishment of Forest Intervention Zones (ZIF) to address these problems. This paper aims to contribute to the study of the structural characteristics of non-industrial private property and its implications for forest management. It is based on the characterization and georeferencing of forest holdings by ZIF adherent owners in intervention areas of the management entity, Caule - Forest Association. from Beira Serra. In a country zone where there is no forest register except the Oliveira do Hospital municipality, which was part of a pilot project in 2014-2018, it is essential to know and affect the properties through georeferencing to their owners. It is therefore urgent to know, classify and affect these properties to their owner. In an area where the smallholding rules, the small plots are part of the daily life of most landowners, which reveals at the outset an increased difficulty because the time taken is undoubtedly greater to obtain a relevant total area. Keywords: Forest Register, Property Structure Inventory, ZIF
The Portuguese Forest occupies 3.2 million hectares, which corresponds to 35.4% of the national territory, registering between 2005 and 2010 a decrease of 57 thousand hectares. It follows 32% with agricultural occupation and 24% with uncultivated areas (PEFC Portugal, 2019). Forest ownership is mostly private, with 2.8 million hectares, or 84.2% of the total area owned by small family owners of which 6.5% is owned by industrial companies. Public areas account for 15.8% of the total, of which only 2% (the lowest percentage in Europe) is in the private domain of the state. (PEFC Portugal, 2019) The size of the forest property has a very marked geographical distribution, and the large number of buildings is in the North and Center, where farms reach dimensions of less than 1 hectare. It is estimated that there are about half a million forest owners. Lack of forest management, excessive land fragmentation, rural exodus, increased forest fires, among other reasons, led to the establishment of Forest Intervention Zones (ZIF) to address these problems. This paper aims to contribute to the study of the structural characteristics of non-industrial private property and its implications for forest management. It is based on the characterization and georeferencing of forest holdings by ZIF adherent owners in intervention areas of the management entity, Caule - Forest Association. from Beira Serra. In a country zone where there is no forest register except the Oliveira do Hospital municipality, which was part of a pilot project in 2014-2018, it is essential to know and affect the properties through georeferencing to their owners. It is therefore urgent to know, classify and affect these properties to their owner. In an area where the smallholding rules, the small plots are part of the daily life of most landowners, which reveals at the outset an increased difficulty because the time taken is undoubtedly greater to obtain a relevant total area. Keywords: Forest Register, Property Structure Inventory, ZIF
Description
Keywords
Cadastro Florestal Inventário Estrutura da Propriedade ZIF