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Avaliação da força muscular periférica e da independência funcional: estudo de caraterização da população alvo de cuidados no Hospital das Forçar Armadas - Pólo Porto
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Os indivíduos frágeis representam desafios aos profissionais de saúde.
A prevenção e a detecção precoce da dependência funcional são importantes para reduzir
as consequências negativas associadas à condição de doença dos indivíduos.
Objetivos: Caracterizar a população alvo em relação a variáveis sociodemográficas e
condição de saúde; descrever a sua força muscular periférica; descrever a sua
independência funcional.
Material e Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo e recorrendo a uma
amostragem não probabilística. Participaram 82 utentes do Hospital das Forças Armadas
– Pólo do Porto. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram a escala da Medida de Independência
Funcional (MIF) e a escala da força muscular do Medical Research Council (MRC).
Resultados: A maioria dos participantes era do sexo masculino (63,4%), com uma
mediana de idades de 73,00 anos, com o ensino básico concluído (65,9%), reformados
(67,1%), casados ou em união de facto (67,1%), residia no seu domicílio (91,5%), com
os seus cônjuges (48,8%), sem cuidador informal (58,5%), no concelho do Porto (28,0%).
O valor da mediana da independência funcional foi de 122,0 (102,75 – 126,00). A maioria
apresentou independência completa (74,4%). Os parâmetros com melhores resultados
foram: comunicação auditiva e verbal (95,1%); alimentação (86,6%); controlo intestinal
(87,8%); uso da sanita (75,6%); e vestir a metade superior do corpo (75,6%). Na avaliação
da força muscular periférica, o grau 5 foi o mais frequente, exceto no membro inferior
direito com grau 4, com nenhum segmento com força inferior a 3.
Conclusão: As variáveis gênero, obesidade, escolaridade, situação profissional, estado
civil e coabitação foram as que apresentaram maior diferença nos resultados obtidos na
avaliação da escala MIF e da escala de força muscular MRC. Futuros estudos deverão
identificar associações de outros fatores relacionados com a independência funcional e a
força muscular, permitindo nortear a intervenções específicas para essa população.
Context: Prevention and early detection of functional dependence are important to reduce the negative consequences associated with the disease condition of individuals. Objectives: To characterize the target population in relation to sociodemographic and health variables; describe the degree of peripheral muscle strength and functional independence of the target population. Methodology: Quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive study employing non probabilistic sampling. The study included 82 patients from the Armed Forces Hospital - Porto Campus. The assessment instruments used were the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scale and the Medical Research Council (MRC) muscle strength scale. Results: The majority of participants were male (63.4%), with a median age of 73.00 years, completed basic education (65.9%), retired (67.1%), married or in a civil union (67.1%), resided in their own homes (91.5%), with their spouses (48.8%), without informal caregivers (58.5%), in the municipality of Porto (28.0%). The median value of functional independence was 122.0 (102.75 - 126.00). The majority showed complete independence (74.4%). The parameters with the best results were: auditory and verbal communication (95.1%); feeding (86.6%); bowel control (87.8%); toilet use (75.6%); and dressing the upper body half (75.6%). In the evaluation of peripheral muscle strength, grade 5 was the most frequent, except in the right lower limb with grade 4, with no segment having strength below 3. Conclusion: The variables gender, obesity, education, employment status, marital status, and cohabitation were the ones that showed the greatest difference in the results obtained in the evaluation of the MIF scale and the MRC muscle strength scale. Future studies should identify associations with other factors related to functional decline and muscle strength, allowing specific interventions to be guided for this population
Context: Prevention and early detection of functional dependence are important to reduce the negative consequences associated with the disease condition of individuals. Objectives: To characterize the target population in relation to sociodemographic and health variables; describe the degree of peripheral muscle strength and functional independence of the target population. Methodology: Quantitative, cross-sectional, and descriptive study employing non probabilistic sampling. The study included 82 patients from the Armed Forces Hospital - Porto Campus. The assessment instruments used were the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scale and the Medical Research Council (MRC) muscle strength scale. Results: The majority of participants were male (63.4%), with a median age of 73.00 years, completed basic education (65.9%), retired (67.1%), married or in a civil union (67.1%), resided in their own homes (91.5%), with their spouses (48.8%), without informal caregivers (58.5%), in the municipality of Porto (28.0%). The median value of functional independence was 122.0 (102.75 - 126.00). The majority showed complete independence (74.4%). The parameters with the best results were: auditory and verbal communication (95.1%); feeding (86.6%); bowel control (87.8%); toilet use (75.6%); and dressing the upper body half (75.6%). In the evaluation of peripheral muscle strength, grade 5 was the most frequent, except in the right lower limb with grade 4, with no segment having strength below 3. Conclusion: The variables gender, obesity, education, employment status, marital status, and cohabitation were the ones that showed the greatest difference in the results obtained in the evaluation of the MIF scale and the MRC muscle strength scale. Future studies should identify associations with other factors related to functional decline and muscle strength, allowing specific interventions to be guided for this population
Description
Curso de Mestrado ministrado em parceria com Escola Superior de Enfermagem S. José de Cluny e Escola Superior de Enfermagem Dr. José Timóteo Montalvão Machado
Keywords
Força muscular Independência funcional Enfermagem em Reabilitação