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Avaliação do perfil funcional e do risco de queda dos residentes adultos com 65 ou mais anos de idade da ilha de Santiago - Cabo Verde
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Mundialmente, o crescimento do envelhecimento populacional é um dos fenómenos mais significativos do século XXI e que acarreta consigo implicações sociais, económicas, políticas e de saúde. O envelhecimento ativo tem como objetivo o aumento da expectativa de vida ativa, com qualidade independente da idade. As quedas e as consequentes lesões são problemas de saúde graves para os idosos. Objetivos: Avaliar os fatores de risco de queda, autoeficácia para o exercício e fatores ambientais dos idosos cabo-verdianos com idade igual ou superior aos 65 anos da ilha de Santiago. Material e métodos: Estudo exploratório, de base populacional, e de desenho transversal. A população alvo é constituída por pessoas com idade igual ou superior aos 65 anos domiciliada nos concelhos da ilha de Santiago. Com uma amostra total n = 326 obtida no final da pesquisa. Instrumentos de medida: Foram aplicados questionários para recolha de dados sociodemográficos e antropométricos, autoeficácia para o exercício, questões relacionadas com a história de quedas e fatores de risco, perceção de saúde, e quatro testes funcionais. Procedimentos: A recolha de dados foi realizada de 29 de março a 1 de maio de 2021 e todos os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram respeitados. Análise estatística: Os dados foram analisados no software estatístico SPSS, versão 22. Para análise de dados foi feita as estatísticas descritivas simples, como frequências, percentagens e também as medidas de tendência central e de dispersão. Para a análise das conclusões do estudo a partir dos dados foi utilizado os testes: Anova; o Qui quadrado e o teste t-student. Resultados: Pode-se dizer que os cabo-verdianos residentes na ilha de Santiago – Cabo Verde – têm um alto desempenho físico. Análise de correlação bivariada constatou-se que existe correlação entre todos os testes da capacidade funcional com a idade, já em relação ao sexo não há diferença estatisticamente significativa. Conclusões: Tendo em vista os aspetos observados é imprescindível que, diante dos argumentos expostos, todos se conscientizem de que envelhecimento não significa doença e muito menos motivo para ficar parado, ou então perda de autonomia para tomada de decisão ou de participação social e familiar. É importante conscientizar os nossos idosos de que a solução para maior parte dos problemas de saúde não está nos medicamentos e sim no movimento do corpo.
Introduction: Worldwide, the growth of population aging is one of the most significant phenomena of the 21st century, and one that carries with it social, economic, political, and health implications. Active aging aims to increase active life expectancy, with quality regardless of age. Falls and the resulting injuries are serious health problems for the elderly. Objectives: To assess risk factors for falls, exercise self-efficacy, and the functional capacity of Cape Verdean elderly aged 65 years or older. Material and methods: Exploratory, population-based, cross-sectional study. The target population is made up of people aged 65 or over, domiciled in the municipalities of the island of Santiago. With a total sample n = 326 obtained at the end of the survey. Measurement instruments: Questionnaires were applied to collect sociodemographic and anthropometric data, exercise self-efficacy, questions related to the history of falls and risk factors, health perception, and four functional tests. Procedures: Data collection was carried out from March 29th to May 1st 2021 and all inclusion and exclusion criteria were respected. Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS, version 22. Simple descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency and dispersion were used for data analysis. To analyze the conclusions of the study from the data, the following tests were used: ANOVA; the chi square and the t-student test. Results: It can be said that Cape Verdeans residing on the island of Santiago – Cape Verde – have a high physical performance. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that there is a correlation between all tests of functional capacity with age, but in relation to sex there is no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: In view of the observed aspects, it is essential that, in view of the above arguments, everyone is aware that aging does not mean disease and much less a reason to stand still, or loss of autonomy for decision-making or social and family participation. It is important to make our seniors aware that the solution to most health problems is not medication, but body movement.
Introduction: Worldwide, the growth of population aging is one of the most significant phenomena of the 21st century, and one that carries with it social, economic, political, and health implications. Active aging aims to increase active life expectancy, with quality regardless of age. Falls and the resulting injuries are serious health problems for the elderly. Objectives: To assess risk factors for falls, exercise self-efficacy, and the functional capacity of Cape Verdean elderly aged 65 years or older. Material and methods: Exploratory, population-based, cross-sectional study. The target population is made up of people aged 65 or over, domiciled in the municipalities of the island of Santiago. With a total sample n = 326 obtained at the end of the survey. Measurement instruments: Questionnaires were applied to collect sociodemographic and anthropometric data, exercise self-efficacy, questions related to the history of falls and risk factors, health perception, and four functional tests. Procedures: Data collection was carried out from March 29th to May 1st 2021 and all inclusion and exclusion criteria were respected. Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS, version 22. Simple descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency and dispersion were used for data analysis. To analyze the conclusions of the study from the data, the following tests were used: ANOVA; the chi square and the t-student test. Results: It can be said that Cape Verdeans residing on the island of Santiago – Cape Verde – have a high physical performance. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that there is a correlation between all tests of functional capacity with age, but in relation to sex there is no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: In view of the observed aspects, it is essential that, in view of the above arguments, everyone is aware that aging does not mean disease and much less a reason to stand still, or loss of autonomy for decision-making or social and family participation. It is important to make our seniors aware that the solution to most health problems is not medication, but body movement.
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Keywords
Envelhecimento ativo Queda Capacidade funcional Fatores de risco Active aging Falls Functional capacity Risk factors