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Publication
O impacto dos óculos audiovisuais na ansiedade e dor nas crianças em consultas de odontopediatria
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| 2.06 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O medo e a ansiedade quando relacionados com a medicina dentária são considerados complicações tanto para o paciente como para o médico dentista. Estes sentimentos negativos tanto afetam o relacionamento entre médico dentista e paciente como também o sucesso dos tratamentos dentários e consequentemente a saúde oral em adultos e especialmente em crianças. Os tratamentos dentários estão associados a situações de stress e ansiedade que por sua vez influenciam a perceção de dor pelo paciente. É importante que as crianças percam o medo e ansiedade de tratamentos dentários desde cedo para não desenvolverem traumas psicológicos no futuro. Existem várias técnicas que permitem diminuir a ansiedade durante a consulta dentária, sendo estas designadas como técnicas de controlo do comportamento. Estas são divididas em 2 categorias: as farmacológicas e não farmacológicas. Dependendo da maturidade e comportamento da criança e da experiência do médico dentista, este deve que ser capaz de escolher a técnica mais conveniente para cada caso específico. Dentro das técnicas farmacológicas destacam-se a sedação consciente e a anestesia geral. Já as técnicas não farmacológicas são viradas para a educação, comunicação e distração sendo as mais usadas a Tell-Show-Do, controlo de voz, reforço positivo e distração.
Neste trabalho procurou-se debruçar sobre a técnica de distração, nomeadamente o uso da RV (realidade virtual). A RV compreende tecnologias avançadas para criar ambientes virtuais que permitem que os pacientes estejam imersos num mundo interativo simulado. Esses sistemas avançados interagem em vários níveis com o ambiente virtual estimulando imagens, sons e movimentos para encorajar a imersão no mundo virtual para aumentar a distração da dor. A utilização de óculos audiovisuais como os Head Mounted Displays (HMD) compreende uma das técnicas mais avançadas da RV e por conseguinte é relevante o seu estudo para o aproveitamento na Medicina Dentária.
Fear and anxiety when related to dental medicine are considered complications for both the patient and the dentist. These negative feelings affect the relationship between dentist and patient as well as the success of dental treatments and consequently oral health in adults and especially in children. Dental treatments are associated with the hypotheses of stress and anxiety, which in turn influence the patient's perception. It is important that children lose dental fear and anxiety early so that they do not develop psychological trauma in the future. There are several techniques that allow to reduce anxiety during the dental consultation, which are called behavior control techniques. These are divided into 2 categories: pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Necessary of the child's maturity and behavior and the experience of the dentist, he must be able to choose the most convenient technique for each specific case. Among pharmacological techniques, conscious sedation and general anesthesia stand out. Non-pharmacological techniques are directed towards education, communication and distraction, being the most used in Tell-Show-Do, voice control, positive reinforcement and distraction. In this work we focus on the technique of distraction, namely the use of virtual reality (VR). VR comprises advanced technologies to create virtual environments that allow predicted patients to be immersed in a simulated interactive world. These advanced systems interact at various levels with the virtual environment, stimulating images, sounds and movements to encourage immersion in the virtual world to increase the distraction of pain. The use of audiovisual glasses such as Head Mounted Displays (HMD) comprises one of the most advanced techniques of VR and, consequently, its study is relevant for its use in Dentistry.
Fear and anxiety when related to dental medicine are considered complications for both the patient and the dentist. These negative feelings affect the relationship between dentist and patient as well as the success of dental treatments and consequently oral health in adults and especially in children. Dental treatments are associated with the hypotheses of stress and anxiety, which in turn influence the patient's perception. It is important that children lose dental fear and anxiety early so that they do not develop psychological trauma in the future. There are several techniques that allow to reduce anxiety during the dental consultation, which are called behavior control techniques. These are divided into 2 categories: pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Necessary of the child's maturity and behavior and the experience of the dentist, he must be able to choose the most convenient technique for each specific case. Among pharmacological techniques, conscious sedation and general anesthesia stand out. Non-pharmacological techniques are directed towards education, communication and distraction, being the most used in Tell-Show-Do, voice control, positive reinforcement and distraction. In this work we focus on the technique of distraction, namely the use of virtual reality (VR). VR comprises advanced technologies to create virtual environments that allow predicted patients to be immersed in a simulated interactive world. These advanced systems interact at various levels with the virtual environment, stimulating images, sounds and movements to encourage immersion in the virtual world to increase the distraction of pain. The use of audiovisual glasses such as Head Mounted Displays (HMD) comprises one of the most advanced techniques of VR and, consequently, its study is relevant for its use in Dentistry.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Ansiedade Dor Medo Realidade virtual Óculos audiovisuais