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Prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos e impactados numa população da clínica universitária Egas Moniz
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Ao longo da história, o ser humano tem vindo a sofrer evoluções anatómicas. Particularmente no órgão estomatognático, a dimensão das arcadas e o número de dentes tem vindo a diminuir. O terceiro molar (3M) é o dente que tem a erupção mais tardia e que apresenta uma maior variabilidade de indivíduo para indivíduo, tanto no aspeto morfológico como na sua posição na cavidade oral. A prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos e impactados é um tema de interesse na área da Medicina Dentária, apesar de na literatura ainda não existir um consenso acerca da etiologia das retenções destes dentes.
Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos e impactados numa população da Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz (CUEM) e caracterizar com variáveis como idade, género, condição do dente e respetiva classificação segundo Winter.
Materiais e Métodos: Este estudo teve como população os indivíduos que frequentaram a consulta de Triagem na CUEM no ano de 2022, compreendendo um universo de 5092 pacientes. Após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se uma amostra final de 783 pacientes cuja história clínica e ortopantomografia foram utilizadas para registar a idade, género, a presença ou ausência de terceiros molares e a sua classificação segundo Winter.
Resultados e Conclusões: A amostra foi constituída por 313 pacientes do género masculino (40,0%) e 470 do género feminino (60,0%), sendo este último o género com maior percentagem de retenções, uma vez que 58,1% dos dentes se encontravam inclusos ou impactados. Verificou-se que nos jovens dos 18 aos 23 anos a presença de retenções dentárias foi superior comparativamente à faixa etária dos 24 aos 30 anos. A retenção dentária representou 36,23% de todas as condições dos 3M e a maioria dos pacientes apresentaram os quatro terceiros molares retidos. Quanto à classificação de Winter, a posição vertical foi a mais prevalente na maxila, e a posição mesio-angular a mais prevalente na mandíbula.
Introduction:Throughout history, human beings have undergone many anatomical evolutions. Particularly in the stomatognathic organ, the size of the dental arches and the number of teeth has been decreasing. The third molar (3M) is the tooth that erupts the latest and ha s greater variability from individual to individual, both in terms of morphology and position in the oral cavity. The prevalence of included and impacted third molars is a topic of interest in the field of Dentistry, although there is still no consensus in the literature about the etiology of retention of these teeth. Objective: Evaluate the prevalence of included and impacted third molars in a population from Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz (CUEM) and characterize it with variables such as age, gender, condition of the tooth and respective classification according to Winter. Materials and Methods: This study had as population the individuals who attended the Screening consultation at CUEM in the year 2022, comprising a universe of 5092 patients. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a final sample of 783 patients was obtained, whose clinical history and orthopantomography were used to record age, gender, the presence or absence of third molars and their classification according to Winter. Results and Conclusions: The sample consisted of 313 male patients (40.0%) and 470 female patients (60.0%), the latter being the gender with the highest percentage of retentions, since 58.1% of the teeth were included or impacted. It was found that in young people aged 18 to 23 years, the presence of impacted teeth was higher compared to the age group of 24 to 30 years. Impacted teeth accounted for 36.23% of all 3M conditions and most p atients had four impacted third molars. As for Winter's classification, the vertical position was the most prevalent in the maxilla, and the mesio angular position was the most prevalent in the mandible.
Introduction:Throughout history, human beings have undergone many anatomical evolutions. Particularly in the stomatognathic organ, the size of the dental arches and the number of teeth has been decreasing. The third molar (3M) is the tooth that erupts the latest and ha s greater variability from individual to individual, both in terms of morphology and position in the oral cavity. The prevalence of included and impacted third molars is a topic of interest in the field of Dentistry, although there is still no consensus in the literature about the etiology of retention of these teeth. Objective: Evaluate the prevalence of included and impacted third molars in a population from Clínica Universitária Egas Moniz (CUEM) and characterize it with variables such as age, gender, condition of the tooth and respective classification according to Winter. Materials and Methods: This study had as population the individuals who attended the Screening consultation at CUEM in the year 2022, comprising a universe of 5092 patients. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a final sample of 783 patients was obtained, whose clinical history and orthopantomography were used to record age, gender, the presence or absence of third molars and their classification according to Winter. Results and Conclusions: The sample consisted of 313 male patients (40.0%) and 470 female patients (60.0%), the latter being the gender with the highest percentage of retentions, since 58.1% of the teeth were included or impacted. It was found that in young people aged 18 to 23 years, the presence of impacted teeth was higher compared to the age group of 24 to 30 years. Impacted teeth accounted for 36.23% of all 3M conditions and most p atients had four impacted third molars. As for Winter's classification, the vertical position was the most prevalent in the maxilla, and the mesio angular position was the most prevalent in the mandible.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Terceiro molar Impactado Incluso Classificação de Winter