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Conhecimentos e atitudes dos profissionais de saúde acerca da utilização de suplementos de vitamina D na prevenção e/ou tratamento do cancro da mama
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Introdução: O cancro da mama, em Portugal, destaca-se pela sua elevada prevalência e mortalidade, exigindo, por isso, estratégias eficazes para a prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento. A vitamina D tem sido associada como possível fator preventivo ou como tratamento coadjuvante neste tipo de cancro. Apesar do crescente interesse científico, o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde e as suas atitudes neste tema, ainda permanecem pouco exploradas.
Objetivo: O principal objetivo ao realizar este estudo foca-se na avaliação do conhecimento e das atitudes e práticas dos profissionais de saúde relativamente à suplementação da vitamina D, na prevenção e/ou tratamento do cancro da mama. Os objetivos específicos pretendem comparar estes dados com as características sociodemográficas, de forma a identificar possíveis diferenças significativas.
Metodologia: O presente estudo observacional, transversal e correlacional foi desenvolvido mediante um questionário, que avaliou o conhecimento geral sobre a vitamina D, o conhecimento sobre a influência da vitamina D no cancro da mama e as atitudes e práticas dos profissionais. A recolha de dados foi realizada entre janeiro e abril de 2024, permitindo obter uma amostra de 186 profissionais das diferentes áreas de saúde.
Resultados: Os profissionais de saúde em estudo apresentaram um conhecimento geral sobre a vitamina D moderado (Q2=7), e em contrapartida, o conhecimento específico sobre a influência da vitamina D no cancro da mama foi inferior (Q2=3). As habilitações académicas influenciaram significativamente o desempenho dos profissionais, dado que os licenciados destacaram-se nas questões de conteúdo básico e os pós-graduados nas questões de conteúdo fisiológico e clínico. As atitudes e práticas foram globalmente positivas (Q2=13,5), sobretudo nos profissionais que prescrevem e/ou aconselham suplementos.
Discussão: Os resultados obtidos refletem um padrão semelhante ao observado nos estudos já existentes, indicando que, embora exista consciência da importância da vitamina D, o conhecimento técnico ainda é insuficiente para a prática de um aconselhamento seguro. A discrepância entre o conhecimento geral e o conhecimento da influência da vitamina D no cancro da mama, reforça a necessidade da formação contínua e da maior integração da evidência científica na prática clínica. As atitudes favoráveis observadas demonstram a predisposição para uma orientação adequada dos doentes, mas falta o domínio técnico, limitando, assim, a qualidade do aconselhamento.
Conclusão: A realização deste estudo destaca a importância de reforçar a literacia dos profissionais de saúde sobre a influência da vitamina D na prevenção e/ou tratamento no cancro da mama. Conclui-se que a prática clínica mais alinhada com evidência científica, contribui para um cuidado mais consciente e centrado nas necessidades dos doentes oncológicos.
Introduction: Breast cancer, in Portugal, stands out for its high prevalence and mortality, thus requiring effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Vitamin D has been associated as a possible preventive factor or as an adjuvant treatment in this type of cancer. Despite the growing scientific interest, the knowledge of health professionals and their attitudes on this topic remain little explored. Objective: The main objective of conducting this study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes and practices of health professionals regarding vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and/or treatment of breast cancer. The specific objectives aim to compare these data with sociodemographic characteristics, to identify possible significant differences. Methodology: The present observational, cross-sectional and correlational study was developed through a questionnaire, which evaluated the general knowledge about vitamin D, the knowledge about the influence of vitamin D on breast cancer and the attitudes and practices of professionals. Data collection was carried out between January and April 2024, allowing a sample of 186 professionals from different areas of health to be obtained. Results: The health professionals in the study had moderate general knowledge about vitamin D (Q2=7), and on the other hand, specific knowledge about the influence of vitamin D on breast cancer was lower (Q2=3). Academic qualifications significantly influenced the performance of professionals, given that graduates stood out in basic content questions and postgraduates in physiological and clinical content questions. Attitudes and practices were generally positive (Q2=13.5), especially among professionals who prescribe and/or advise supplements. Discussion: The results obtained reflect a pattern like that observed in existing studies, indicating that, although there is awareness of the importance of vitamin D, technical knowledge is still insufficient for the practice of safe counselling. The discrepancy between general knowledge and knowledge of the influence of vitamin D on breast cancer reinforces the need for continuous training and greater integration of scientific evidence in clinical practice. The favourable attitudes observed demonstrate the predisposition for adequate guidance of patients, but the technical mastery is lacking, thus limiting the quality of counselling. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of strengthening the literacy of health professionals about the influence of vitamin D on the prevention and/or treatment of breast cancer. It is concluded that clinical practice more aligned with scientific evidence contributes to a more conscious care focused on the needs of cancer patients.
Introduction: Breast cancer, in Portugal, stands out for its high prevalence and mortality, thus requiring effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Vitamin D has been associated as a possible preventive factor or as an adjuvant treatment in this type of cancer. Despite the growing scientific interest, the knowledge of health professionals and their attitudes on this topic remain little explored. Objective: The main objective of conducting this study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes and practices of health professionals regarding vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and/or treatment of breast cancer. The specific objectives aim to compare these data with sociodemographic characteristics, to identify possible significant differences. Methodology: The present observational, cross-sectional and correlational study was developed through a questionnaire, which evaluated the general knowledge about vitamin D, the knowledge about the influence of vitamin D on breast cancer and the attitudes and practices of professionals. Data collection was carried out between January and April 2024, allowing a sample of 186 professionals from different areas of health to be obtained. Results: The health professionals in the study had moderate general knowledge about vitamin D (Q2=7), and on the other hand, specific knowledge about the influence of vitamin D on breast cancer was lower (Q2=3). Academic qualifications significantly influenced the performance of professionals, given that graduates stood out in basic content questions and postgraduates in physiological and clinical content questions. Attitudes and practices were generally positive (Q2=13.5), especially among professionals who prescribe and/or advise supplements. Discussion: The results obtained reflect a pattern like that observed in existing studies, indicating that, although there is awareness of the importance of vitamin D, technical knowledge is still insufficient for the practice of safe counselling. The discrepancy between general knowledge and knowledge of the influence of vitamin D on breast cancer reinforces the need for continuous training and greater integration of scientific evidence in clinical practice. The favourable attitudes observed demonstrate the predisposition for adequate guidance of patients, but the technical mastery is lacking, thus limiting the quality of counselling. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of strengthening the literacy of health professionals about the influence of vitamin D on the prevention and/or treatment of breast cancer. It is concluded that clinical practice more aligned with scientific evidence contributes to a more conscious care focused on the needs of cancer patients.
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Cancro da Mama Vitamina D Literacia Atitudes Profissionais de Saúde Breast Cancer Vitamin D Literacy Attitudes Healthcare Professionals