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Publication
Sobrecarga do cuidador informal :
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.57 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este projeto tem como tema principal a “Sobrecarga do Cuidador Informal:
Intervenções Especializadas em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica”.
O aumento do envelhecimento na população portuguesa vem potenciar a
necessidade de cuidados informais. Sendo que existem atualmente cerca de 827 mil
cuidadores informais em Portugal é pertinente perceber se estes vivem em sobrecarga
e, caso a resposta seja afirmativa, qual o grau de sobrecarga em que vivem. Para
além disso, é importante definir as intervenções exequíveis para dar respostas às suas
necessidades. Assim, este projeto visa dar resposta ao descrito anteriormente.
Teoricamente foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura e aplicada uma
metodologia de projeto.
Na prática, a identificação do diagnóstico de situação foi realizada com
cuidadores informais de pessoas dependentes em regime ECCI. Os fatores que
despoletam necessidades de intervenção, foram apurados após colheita de dados
numa entrevista semiestruturada com a realização de genograma, ecomapa e
preenchimento das Escalas de Sobrecarga de Zarit e da Ansiedade de Hamilton.
Das evidências recolhidas, sugerem-se intervenções psicoterapêuticas e
psicoeducacionais individuais e de grupo. No terreno, verifica-se que os cuidadores
apenas aceitam as sessões individuais no domicílio. Denota-se uma falha na literatura
sobre que intervenções são eficazes sobre a sobrecarga do cuidador. No entanto,
pode constatar-se, na prática, que intervenções psicoterapêuticas, psicoeducacionais,
de aconselhamento, massagem com recurso a óleos essenciais e biblioterapia têm
efeitos positivos não só sobre a intervenção como nos scores das escalas avaliadas
no início e fim da intervenção com cada cuidador.
Por fim, torna-se premente o desenvolvimento de mais intervenções e estudos
que permitam justificar as intervenções adotadas, como dar resposta ao aumento das
necessidades de cuidados na comunidade e uma diminuta disponibilidade de atuação
pelos profissionais de saúde por falta de tempo e recursos.
The main theme of this project is the "Informal Caregiver Overload: Specialised Interventions in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing" The increase in ageing in the Portuguese population enhances the need for informal care. As there are currently around 827,000 informal caregivers in Portugal, it is urgent to ascertain if they live in overload and if so, what is the degree of that overload. Additionally, it is important to define viable interventions for informal caregivers needs. Hence this project has the purpose to respond to what was previously described. Theoretically, an integrative research review was conducted, and a project methodology was applied. In practice, the diagnosis identification of the situation was carried out with informal caregivers for people dependent on integrated long-term care team. The factors that trigger intervention needs were calculated after data collection in a semi structured interview with genogram, ecomap and filling up the Zarit Overload Scales and Hamilton Anxiety. From the evidence collected, individual and group psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational interventions are suggested. In the field, it appears that caregivers only accept individual sessions at home. There is a gap in literature about which interventions are effective on caregiver burden. However, it can be seen in practice that psychotherapeutic, psychoeducational, counselling, massage with essential oils and bibliotherapy interventions have positive effects, not only on the intervention but also on the scores of the scales evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention with each caregiver. Finally, it is urgent to develop more interventions and studies to justify the interventions adopted, such as responding to the increase in care needs in the community and a limited availability of action by health professionals due to a lack of time and resources.
The main theme of this project is the "Informal Caregiver Overload: Specialised Interventions in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing" The increase in ageing in the Portuguese population enhances the need for informal care. As there are currently around 827,000 informal caregivers in Portugal, it is urgent to ascertain if they live in overload and if so, what is the degree of that overload. Additionally, it is important to define viable interventions for informal caregivers needs. Hence this project has the purpose to respond to what was previously described. Theoretically, an integrative research review was conducted, and a project methodology was applied. In practice, the diagnosis identification of the situation was carried out with informal caregivers for people dependent on integrated long-term care team. The factors that trigger intervention needs were calculated after data collection in a semi structured interview with genogram, ecomap and filling up the Zarit Overload Scales and Hamilton Anxiety. From the evidence collected, individual and group psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational interventions are suggested. In the field, it appears that caregivers only accept individual sessions at home. There is a gap in literature about which interventions are effective on caregiver burden. However, it can be seen in practice that psychotherapeutic, psychoeducational, counselling, massage with essential oils and bibliotherapy interventions have positive effects, not only on the intervention but also on the scores of the scales evaluated at the beginning and end of the intervention with each caregiver. Finally, it is urgent to develop more interventions and studies to justify the interventions adopted, such as responding to the increase in care needs in the community and a limited availability of action by health professionals due to a lack of time and resources.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem psiquiátrica Cuidadores Carga de trabalho Saúde mental