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O crime de resistência e coação e a atuação dos militares da Guarda Nacional Republicana
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Abstract(s)
O parco estudo desenvolvido até ao momento sobre quais as circunstâncias pelas quais se pode tipificar um ato como resistência e coação sobre funcionário levam a que haja muitas dúvidas, nomeadamente ao nível prático, sobre os atos que são passíveis de adotar por parte dos militares da Guarda Nacional Republicana.
Assim, o Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada que agora se elabora intitula-se: “O Crime de Resistência e Coação e a atuação dos militares da Guarda Nacional Republicana: Os casos de Aveiro e Setúbal”.
A elaboração da presente investigação tem como principal objetivo analisar quais os requisitos legais necessários para se tipificar um crime como resistência e coação sobre funcionário, previsto e punido no artigo 347º do Código Penal, à luz das experiências ocorridas no âmbito dos vários Destacamentos Territoriais que compõem os Comandos Territoriais de Aveiro e Setúbal. Por outro lado, procuraremos estudar quais devem ser as atuações dos militares da Guarda Nacional Republicana quando confrontados com alguém que pratique este mesmo crime, uma vez que hoje em dia os Órgãos de Comunicação Social escrutinam toda a atuação das várias Forças e Serviços de Segurança.
Os objetivos específicos que nos propomos a concluir com esta investigação são: analisar a definição do crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário, compreender a amplitude do crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário, analisar as ocorrências do crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário nos últimos três anos na Guarda Nacional Republicana, nomeadamente nos Comandos Territoriais de Aveiro e Setúbal, analisar as interpretações feitas pelos comandantes dos vários Destacamentos Territoriais de Aveiro e Setúbal no que concerne às condutas existentes no crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário e, por último, analisar as relações existentes entre o crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário e os outros crimes conexos, nomeadamente o crime de desobediência.
Esta investigação assenta no método dedutivo com vista à resposta às perguntas derivadas e à questão central. Com este trabalho concluímos que o crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário é um crime doloso onde a autoridade pública é posta em causa, uma vez que o bem jurídico que esta norma pretende proteger é a autonomia intencional do Estado.
Por outro lado, os requisitos necessários para que se verifiquem um crime de resistência e coação sobre funcionário é os descritos no próprio artigo, ou seja, é necessário que se verifique um ato que ponha em causa a ação de um Órgão de Polícia Criminal ou membro das Forças Armadas, ação essa que deve integrar a violência, a ameaça grave ou a ofensa à integridade física contra esses mesmos órgãos do Estado.
The sparse study developed to this moment about what circumstances by which one can typify an act as a way of resistance and coercion against an official lead to several questions, namely in a practical level, about the actions that are liable to be adopted by the military of the Republican National Guard (GNR). Thereby, the Applied Investigation Work that is now made is entitled: «The Crime of Resistance and Coercion and the action of the military of the Republican National Guard: The cases of Aveiro and Setúbal». The elaboration of the present investigation has as a main objective to analyse what are the necessary legal requisites required to typify a crime as a means of resistance and coercion against an official, predicted and punished according to article 347th of the Penal Code, in light of experiences occurred within the various Territorial Dispatches that compose the Territorial Commands of Aveiro and Setúbal. On the other hand, we will look into studying which should be the actions of the Republican National Guard’s military when confronted with someone that practices this very crime, as nowadays the Social Communication Outlets scrutinize every action of the Security Forces and Services. The specific objectives proposed to be concluded with this investigation are: to analyse the definition of the crime of resistance and coercion against an official, to understand the range of the crime of resistance and coercion against an official in the last three years in the Republican National Guard, namely in the Territorial Commands of Aveiro and Setúbal; to analyse the interpretations made by the commanders of the various Territorial Dispatches of Aveiro and Setúbal concerning existing conduits in the crime of resistance and coercion against an official, and lastly to analyse the links existing between the crime of resistance and coercion against an official and the other connected crimes, namely the crime of disobedience. This investigation sits upon the deductive method to find the answers to the derivative questions and the central question. With this work we conclude that the crime of resistance and coercion against an official is a deceitful crime where the public authority is put in question, as the legal asset this norm wants to protect is the State’s intentional autonomy. On the other hand, the necessary requisites to verify a crime of resistance and coercion against an official are the ones described on that very article, in other words, it is necessary to verify an action that may put in question the behaviour of a Criminal Police Agency or a member of the Armed Forces and such action should integrate the violence, the grave threat or the offence to the physical integrity against these State Agencies.
The sparse study developed to this moment about what circumstances by which one can typify an act as a way of resistance and coercion against an official lead to several questions, namely in a practical level, about the actions that are liable to be adopted by the military of the Republican National Guard (GNR). Thereby, the Applied Investigation Work that is now made is entitled: «The Crime of Resistance and Coercion and the action of the military of the Republican National Guard: The cases of Aveiro and Setúbal». The elaboration of the present investigation has as a main objective to analyse what are the necessary legal requisites required to typify a crime as a means of resistance and coercion against an official, predicted and punished according to article 347th of the Penal Code, in light of experiences occurred within the various Territorial Dispatches that compose the Territorial Commands of Aveiro and Setúbal. On the other hand, we will look into studying which should be the actions of the Republican National Guard’s military when confronted with someone that practices this very crime, as nowadays the Social Communication Outlets scrutinize every action of the Security Forces and Services. The specific objectives proposed to be concluded with this investigation are: to analyse the definition of the crime of resistance and coercion against an official, to understand the range of the crime of resistance and coercion against an official in the last three years in the Republican National Guard, namely in the Territorial Commands of Aveiro and Setúbal; to analyse the interpretations made by the commanders of the various Territorial Dispatches of Aveiro and Setúbal concerning existing conduits in the crime of resistance and coercion against an official, and lastly to analyse the links existing between the crime of resistance and coercion against an official and the other connected crimes, namely the crime of disobedience. This investigation sits upon the deductive method to find the answers to the derivative questions and the central question. With this work we conclude that the crime of resistance and coercion against an official is a deceitful crime where the public authority is put in question, as the legal asset this norm wants to protect is the State’s intentional autonomy. On the other hand, the necessary requisites to verify a crime of resistance and coercion against an official are the ones described on that very article, in other words, it is necessary to verify an action that may put in question the behaviour of a Criminal Police Agency or a member of the Armed Forces and such action should integrate the violence, the grave threat or the offence to the physical integrity against these State Agencies.
Description
Keywords
Resistência e Coação sobre funcionário Desobediência Desobediência Militares Ameaça Violência