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Abstract(s)
As ilusões nascidas da queda do Muro de Berlim, e as promessas de uma acentuada
aproximação entre a Rússia e o Ocidente na era Ieltsin cederam lugar, duas décadas e meia
depois, a um clima crescente de hostilidade e confronto.
Desde o fim da guerra fria as relações entre a Rússia e o Ocidente registam altos e baixos
Os contenciosos com o Ocidente vão agravar-se sob a liderança de Vladimir Putin mas os
problemas vêm já desde o período Ieltsin com o alargamento da NATO ou a crise do Kosovo.
Este ensaio propõe-se analisar esta evolução e demonstrar que a situação actual resulta
de objectivos estratégicos irreconciliáveis, de erros de cálculo mas sobretudo de opções
deliberadas feitas tanto em Moscovo como em Washington e nas capitais da NATO.
A tensão entre a Rússia e o Ocidente atingiu níveis sem precedentes e criou uma das
situações mais perigosas na Europa desde o fim da Guerra fria. A exibição força entre a
Rússia e a NATO e a crescente tensão em cenários críticos como a Ucrânia, a Síria ou o
Báltico alimenta receios de que um incidente ou erro de cálculo possa provocar um choque
militar de proporções incalculáveis.
The illusions born with the fall of the Berlin Wall, the honeymoon and the promises of a close cooperation between Russia and the West during the Yeltsin era gave place, two and a half decades later, to an atmosphere of growing hostility and confrontation. Since the end of the Cold War the relationship between Russia and the West evolved between ups and downs. The contention grew under the leadership of Vladimir Putin, but the problems come from the same Yeltsin years with NATO eastward expansion or the Kosovo crisis. This paper intends no analyse this process to demonstrate that the present situation is the product of the clash of strategic objectives, political miscalculations and deliberate choices made both in Moscow and NATO capitals, as this paper intends to argue. Tension between Russia and the West attained unprecedented levels since and created one of the most dangerous situations in and around Europe since the end of the Cold War. The flexing of military muscles between Russia and NATO and the growing tension in flashpoints like Ukraine, the Baltics or Siria raises concerns that an incident or miscalculation could spark a military clash of unpredictable proportions.
The illusions born with the fall of the Berlin Wall, the honeymoon and the promises of a close cooperation between Russia and the West during the Yeltsin era gave place, two and a half decades later, to an atmosphere of growing hostility and confrontation. Since the end of the Cold War the relationship between Russia and the West evolved between ups and downs. The contention grew under the leadership of Vladimir Putin, but the problems come from the same Yeltsin years with NATO eastward expansion or the Kosovo crisis. This paper intends no analyse this process to demonstrate that the present situation is the product of the clash of strategic objectives, political miscalculations and deliberate choices made both in Moscow and NATO capitals, as this paper intends to argue. Tension between Russia and the West attained unprecedented levels since and created one of the most dangerous situations in and around Europe since the end of the Cold War. The flexing of military muscles between Russia and NATO and the growing tension in flashpoints like Ukraine, the Baltics or Siria raises concerns that an incident or miscalculation could spark a military clash of unpredictable proportions.
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Keywords
Guerra Fria Nacionalismo Identidade russa Dierjavnost Áreas de influência Ameaça militar Cold War Nationalism Russian identity Dierjavnost Influence areas Military threats