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Critérios utilizados por enfermeiros gestores na seleção dos supervisores de estudantes de enfermagem
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A Supervisão Clínica é essencial para a formação em Enfermagem, ao assegurar
a qualidade da aprendizagem prática dos supervisados. Os enfermeiros gestores
assumem um papel central no processo de seleção dos supervisores clínicos.
O presente trabalho de investigação teve como finalidade contribuir para a
otimização da qualidade da Supervisão Clínica de estudantes de Enfermagem
em ensino clínico.
Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo. Os dados foram
recolhidos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas a enfermeiros gestores com
mais de cinco anos de experiência e responsáveis por serviços onde decorrem
ensinos clínicos. As entrevistas foram gravadas em suporte áudio e
posteriormente transcritas e analisadas segundo a metodologia de Bardin.
Foram assegurados os princípios éticos e deontológicos.
Da análise emergiram três domínios: “O supervisor clínico”, que integra as
categorias “Critérios em uso e desejáveis na seleção do supervisor clínico”,
“Responsabilidade na seleção do supervisor clínico” e “Papel do supervisor
clínico”; “O ensino clínico”, com as categorias “Relação escola-serviços” e
“Importância do ensino clínico”; e “A Supervisão Clínica”, que inclui as categorias
“Importância da Supervisão Clínica” e “Oportunidades de desenvolvimento”.
Identificaram-se como critérios de seleção do supervisor clínico o título de
enfermeiro especialista, formação em Supervisão Clínica, equidade, proficiência,
vinculação à profissão, disponibilidade e motivação, bem como competências
pedagógicas, comunicacionais, relacionais e técnico-científicas. Os participantes
realçaram ainda a importância da Supervisão Clínica para estimular a reflexão,
motivar os estudantes, garantir cuidados de qualidade e articular a teoria e a
prática.
Apesar da limitação da amostra e da circunscrição a uma única Unidade Local
de Saúde, o estudo contribuiu para compreender os critérios de seleção e as
perceções dos gestores, reforçando a necessidade de políticas institucionais
claras e de investimento em Supervisão Clínica.
Clinical Supervision is essential in Nursing education, as it ensures the quality of students’ practical learning. Nurse managers play a vital role in the process of selecting clinical supervisors. The aim of this research was to contribute to the optimization of the quality of Clinical Supervision for nursing students during clinical training. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews of nurse managers with more than five years of experience, responsible for services where clinical training takes place. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis method. Ethical and deontological principles were ensured. The analysis revealed three main domains: “The Clinical Supervisor,” comprising the categories “Current and desired criteria for selecting the clinical supervisor,” “Responsibility in selecting the clinical supervisor,” and “Role of the clinical supervisor”; “Clinical Training,” including the categories “School–service relationship” and “Importance of clinical training”; and “Clinical Supervision,” encompassing the categories “Importance of Clinical Supervision” and “Opportunities for development”. The identified selection criteria for clinical supervisors included holding the title of specialist nurse, having training in Clinical Supervision, fairness, proficiency, professional commitment, availability, and motivation, as well as pedagogical, communication, interpersonal, and technicalscientific competencies. The participants also emphasized the importance of Clinical Supervision in fostering reflection, motivating students, ensuring quality care, and bridging the gap between theory and practice. Despite the sample limitation and the restriction to a single Local Health Unit, this study contributed to understanding the selection criteria and perceptions of nurse managers, reinforcing the need for clear institutional policies and investment in Clinical Supervision.
Clinical Supervision is essential in Nursing education, as it ensures the quality of students’ practical learning. Nurse managers play a vital role in the process of selecting clinical supervisors. The aim of this research was to contribute to the optimization of the quality of Clinical Supervision for nursing students during clinical training. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews of nurse managers with more than five years of experience, responsible for services where clinical training takes place. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis method. Ethical and deontological principles were ensured. The analysis revealed three main domains: “The Clinical Supervisor,” comprising the categories “Current and desired criteria for selecting the clinical supervisor,” “Responsibility in selecting the clinical supervisor,” and “Role of the clinical supervisor”; “Clinical Training,” including the categories “School–service relationship” and “Importance of clinical training”; and “Clinical Supervision,” encompassing the categories “Importance of Clinical Supervision” and “Opportunities for development”. The identified selection criteria for clinical supervisors included holding the title of specialist nurse, having training in Clinical Supervision, fairness, proficiency, professional commitment, availability, and motivation, as well as pedagogical, communication, interpersonal, and technicalscientific competencies. The participants also emphasized the importance of Clinical Supervision in fostering reflection, motivating students, ensuring quality care, and bridging the gap between theory and practice. Despite the sample limitation and the restriction to a single Local Health Unit, this study contributed to understanding the selection criteria and perceptions of nurse managers, reinforcing the need for clear institutional policies and investment in Clinical Supervision.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Supervisão Clínica Estágio clínico Estudantes de Enfermagem Supervisor clínico Enfermeiro gestor