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Estudo de um Caso de Apendicite Espontânea num Coelho Causada por Klebsiella Pneumoniae
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Embora os coelhos possuam um apêndice, os casos de apendicite espontânea são pouco descritos na
literatura científica. No contexto da síndrome de estase gastrointestinal, a apendicite deve ser
considerada um dos diagnósticos diferenciais prioritário na presença de hipertermia. Este estudo
relata o caso de uma coelha de um ano de idade que apresentou sinais inespecíficos como anorexia,
disúria e hipertermia. Uma massa dolorosa foi palpada no abdómen caudal, levando à realização de
uma ecografia abdominal. Este exame evidenciou um apêndice espessado e dilatado, sugerindo um
processo inflamatório. Após estabilização do animal, uma apendicectomia foi realizada e o órgão
enviado para análise bacteriológica, que revelou a presença de Klebsiella pneumoniae. A bactéria
mostrou-se sensível a várias classes de antibióticos, e o tratamento pós-operatório foi ajustado de
acordo com o antibiograma. Trata-se do primeiro caso descrito de apendicite em coelho associado a
esta bactéria, embora K. pneumoniae já seja reconhecida como agente etiológico de apendicite em
humanos. Este caso completa a literatura existente sobre as causas de apendicite nos coelhos e
destaca a importância de considerá-la nos diagnósticos diferenciais em presença de hipertermia e
sinais gastrointestinais. Exames de imagem, como a ecografia ou a tomografia computorizada, são
essenciais para estabelecer o diagnóstico definitivo e devem ser incluídos sistematicamente na
investigação da síndrome de estase gastrointestinal. O caso reforça a importância do diagnóstico
precoce e da intervenção cirúrgica rápida que foram determinantes para o bom prognóstico da
doença. Além de contribuir para o avanço do conhecimento sobre doenças gastrointestinais em
lagomorfos, este estudo chama a atenção para o potencial zoonótico de Klebsiella pneumoniae e,
sobretudo, para a sua crescente resistência aos antimicrobianos, o que representa uma ameaça
emergente à saúde pública. Esta situação reforça a necessidade de vigilância epidemiológica integrada
e de estratégias preventivas no âmbito do conceito “Uma Só Saúde”.
Although rabbits possess an appendix, cases of spontaneous appendicitis are rarely described in scientific literature. In the context of gastrointestinal stasis syndrome, appendicitis should be considered a priority differential diagnosis in the presence of hyperthermia. This study reports the case of a one-year-old female rabbit that was presented with nonspecific signs such as anorexia, dysuria, and hyperthermia. A painful mass was palpated in the caudal abdomen, prompting an abdominal ultrasound. This examination revealed a thickened and dilated appendix, suggesting an inflammatory process. After stabilizing the animal, an appendectomy was performed and the organ was sent for bacteriological analysis, which revealed the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacterium was found to be sensitive to several classes of antibiotics, and postoperative treatment was adjusted according to the antibiogram. This is the first reported case of appendicitis in a rabbit associated with this bacterium, even if K. pneumoniae is already recognized as an etiological agent of appendicitis in humans. This case expands the existing literature on the causes of appendicitis in rabbits and highlights the importance of including it in the differential diagnosis when hyperthermia and gastrointestinal signs are present. Imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or computed tomography, are essential for establishing a definitive diagnosis and should be systematically included in the investigation of gastrointestinal stasis syndrome. This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and rapid surgical intervention, which were crucial for the favorable disease’s prognosis. In addition to contributing to the advancement of knowledge on gastrointestinal diseases in lagomorphs, this study draws attention to the zoonotic potential of Klebsiella pneumoniae and, above all, to its increasing antimicrobial resistance, which poses an emerging threat to public health. This situation underscores the need for integrated epidemiological surveillance and preventive strategies within the “One Health” framework.
Although rabbits possess an appendix, cases of spontaneous appendicitis are rarely described in scientific literature. In the context of gastrointestinal stasis syndrome, appendicitis should be considered a priority differential diagnosis in the presence of hyperthermia. This study reports the case of a one-year-old female rabbit that was presented with nonspecific signs such as anorexia, dysuria, and hyperthermia. A painful mass was palpated in the caudal abdomen, prompting an abdominal ultrasound. This examination revealed a thickened and dilated appendix, suggesting an inflammatory process. After stabilizing the animal, an appendectomy was performed and the organ was sent for bacteriological analysis, which revealed the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacterium was found to be sensitive to several classes of antibiotics, and postoperative treatment was adjusted according to the antibiogram. This is the first reported case of appendicitis in a rabbit associated with this bacterium, even if K. pneumoniae is already recognized as an etiological agent of appendicitis in humans. This case expands the existing literature on the causes of appendicitis in rabbits and highlights the importance of including it in the differential diagnosis when hyperthermia and gastrointestinal signs are present. Imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or computed tomography, are essential for establishing a definitive diagnosis and should be systematically included in the investigation of gastrointestinal stasis syndrome. This case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and rapid surgical intervention, which were crucial for the favorable disease’s prognosis. In addition to contributing to the advancement of knowledge on gastrointestinal diseases in lagomorphs, this study draws attention to the zoonotic potential of Klebsiella pneumoniae and, above all, to its increasing antimicrobial resistance, which poses an emerging threat to public health. This situation underscores the need for integrated epidemiological surveillance and preventive strategies within the “One Health” framework.
Description
Keywords
Apêndice Apendicectomia Ecografia Estase gastrointestinal Hipertermia Klebsielose Zoonose Appendectomy Appendix Gastrointestinal stasis Hyperthermia Klebsiellosis Ultrasound Zoonosis