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Publication
Identificação de suspeitos: Sistemas de videovigilância na Guarda Nacional Republicana
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| 1.18 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Mateus, Ricardo Araújo de Almeida
Abstract(s)
Ao longo das últimas décadas, os sistemas de videovigilância têm sido cada vez mais utilizados pelas polícias devido às suas potencialidades na prevenção, repressão e investigação criminal, entre outras. A videovigilância constitui um assunto fraturante da opinião da sociedade, gerando igualmente ideias discordantes entre diferentes autores. Atualmente, com a previsão e a divulgação da instalação de novos sistemas de videovigilância em Portugal, este tema ganhou uma nova projeção e mediatismo.
A investigação foi dividida numa parte teórica e numa parte prática. Na parte teórica foi efetuada uma revisão de literatura, onde é explanada o enquadramento legal relativo à utilização e recolha de imagens e à proteção de dados pessoais, quer no âmbito internacional quer nacional. É ainda feita referência a alguns conceitos, como é o caso dos CCTVs, aprofundando aquilo que são as suas vantagens e desvantagens.
Na parte prática foi adotado um método dedutivo com uma abordagem qualitativa, sendo feita a análise de inquéritos por entrevistas. A recolha de dados fez-se tendo em conta as técnicas de análise documental e realização de inquéritos por entrevista, as quais foram dirigidas à realidade da Guarda Nacional Republicana, ao Laboratório de Pesquisa Criminal e a forças congéneres europeias.
Em suma, da análise efetuada, incluindo nesta a análise documental, foi possível verificar que a Guarda Nacional Republicana, estando enquadrada no ordenamento jurídico português, tem tido alguma dificuldade em usar os sistemas de videovigilância em matéria de identificação de suspeitos devido às restrições impostas por lei e à qualidade das imagens que são recolhidas. No entanto, os sistemas de videovigilância e as imagens recolhidas nos mesmos são instrumentos proveitosos para a formulação de uma convicção criminal por parte do investigador.
Over the past few decades, video surveillance systems have been increasingly usedby the police due to their potential in crime prevention, repression, and investigation, among other purposes. Video surveillance is a divisive topic in society, generating conflicting ideas among different authors. Currently, with the announcement and dissemination of the installation of new video surveillance systems in Portugal, this subject has gained new prominence and media attention. The research was divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. In the theoretical part, a literature review was conducted, which explains the legal framework regarding the use and collection of images and the protection of personal data, both internationally and nationally. Reference is also made to some concepts, such as CCTVs, delving into their advantages and disadvantages. In the practical part, a deductive method with a qualitative approach was adopted, and the analysis was based on survey interviews. Data collection was carried out using techniques of document analysis and survey interviews, which were directed towards the reality of the Guarda Nacional Republicana, the Criminal Research Laboratory, and European counterpart forces. In summary, based on the analysis conducted, including documentary analysis, it was possible to verify that the Guarda Nacional Republicana, being within the Portuguese legal framework, has faced some difficulties in using video surveillance systems for suspect identification due to legal restrictions and the quality of the images that are collected. However, despite these limitations, video surveillance systems and the images obtained from them are valuable tools for formulating a criminal conviction by investigators.
Over the past few decades, video surveillance systems have been increasingly usedby the police due to their potential in crime prevention, repression, and investigation, among other purposes. Video surveillance is a divisive topic in society, generating conflicting ideas among different authors. Currently, with the announcement and dissemination of the installation of new video surveillance systems in Portugal, this subject has gained new prominence and media attention. The research was divided into a theoretical part and a practical part. In the theoretical part, a literature review was conducted, which explains the legal framework regarding the use and collection of images and the protection of personal data, both internationally and nationally. Reference is also made to some concepts, such as CCTVs, delving into their advantages and disadvantages. In the practical part, a deductive method with a qualitative approach was adopted, and the analysis was based on survey interviews. Data collection was carried out using techniques of document analysis and survey interviews, which were directed towards the reality of the Guarda Nacional Republicana, the Criminal Research Laboratory, and European counterpart forces. In summary, based on the analysis conducted, including documentary analysis, it was possible to verify that the Guarda Nacional Republicana, being within the Portuguese legal framework, has faced some difficulties in using video surveillance systems for suspect identification due to legal restrictions and the quality of the images that are collected. However, despite these limitations, video surveillance systems and the images obtained from them are valuable tools for formulating a criminal conviction by investigators.
Description
Keywords
CCTV Videovigilância Identificação de suspeitos Investigação criminal Prevenção criminal Video surveillance Suspect identification Criminal investigation Crime prevention