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A Influência da Microbiota da Pele na Dermatite Atópica em Cães
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Abstract(s)
A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma doença inflamatória e pruriginosa crónica da pele, de origem
genética e mediada por mecanismos imunológicos complexos, particularmente com manifestação de
uma hipersensibilidade de tipo I.
Os sinais clínicos mais comuns incluem eritema, prurido e lesões cutâneas secundárias. O diagnóstico
baseia-se numa abordagem de exclusão, critérios clínicos estabelecidos (como os critérios de Favrot)
e testes alergológicos específicos.
A microbiota cutânea desempenha um papel essencial na homeostase imunológica e encontra-se
frequentemente alterada em cães atópicos, caracterizando-se por uma diminuição da biodiversidade
bacteriana e pela proliferação de estirpes patogénicas como Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Estas
alterações podem agravar a inflamação cutânea e contribuir para a cronicidade da doença.
A gestão terapêutica da DAC requer uma abordagem multimodal, incluindo cuidados tópicos com
champôs antissépticos, terapêutica sistémica com glicocorticóides, ciclosporina ou oclacitinib, bem
como estratégias adjuvantes como o uso de prebióticos e probióticos para restauração da barreira
cutânea. A compreensão do papel da microbiota cutanea poderá abrir novas perspetivas terapêuticas
e contribuir para um controlo mais eficaz da DAC a longo prazo.
Através de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura científica disponível, este trabalho pretendeu dar
uma perspetiva global sobre a influência da microbiota da pele na progressão, ou controlo da DAC,
assim como ilucidar sobre novas abordagens terapêuticas.
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory and pruritic skin disease, of genetic origin and mediated by complex immunological mechanisms, particularly with the manifestation of type I hypersensitivity. The most common clinical signs include erythema, pruritus and secondary skin lesions. Diagnosis is based on an exclusionary approach, established clinical criteria (such as the Favrot criteria) and specific allergological tests. The skin microbiota plays an essential role in immune homeostasis and is often altered in atopic dogs, characterized by a decrease in bacterial biodiversity and the proliferation of pathogenic strains such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. These changes can aggravate skin inflammation and contribute to the chronicity of the disease. The therapeutic management of CAD requires a multimodal approach, including topical care with antiseptic shampoos, systemic therapy with glucocorticoids, cyclosporine or oclacitinib, as well as adjuvant strategies such as the use of prebiotics and probiotics for restoring the skin barrier. Understanding the role of the cutaneaus microbiote could open up new therapeutic perspectives and contribute to more effective long-term control of CAD. Through a bibliographic review of the available scientific literature, this study aimed to provide a global perspective on the influence of the skin microbiota on the progression or control of CAD, as well as to shed light on new approaches to the microbiome.
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory and pruritic skin disease, of genetic origin and mediated by complex immunological mechanisms, particularly with the manifestation of type I hypersensitivity. The most common clinical signs include erythema, pruritus and secondary skin lesions. Diagnosis is based on an exclusionary approach, established clinical criteria (such as the Favrot criteria) and specific allergological tests. The skin microbiota plays an essential role in immune homeostasis and is often altered in atopic dogs, characterized by a decrease in bacterial biodiversity and the proliferation of pathogenic strains such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. These changes can aggravate skin inflammation and contribute to the chronicity of the disease. The therapeutic management of CAD requires a multimodal approach, including topical care with antiseptic shampoos, systemic therapy with glucocorticoids, cyclosporine or oclacitinib, as well as adjuvant strategies such as the use of prebiotics and probiotics for restoring the skin barrier. Understanding the role of the cutaneaus microbiote could open up new therapeutic perspectives and contribute to more effective long-term control of CAD. Through a bibliographic review of the available scientific literature, this study aimed to provide a global perspective on the influence of the skin microbiota on the progression or control of CAD, as well as to shed light on new approaches to the microbiome.
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Keywords
Dermatite atópica Canis lupus Microbiota cutânea Disbiose Diagnóstico Terapêutica Atopic dermatitis Skin microbiota Dysbiosis Diagnosis Treatment