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O cartaz cultural em Portugal (1933-1960): casos de estudo: teatro, bailado e cinema
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Abstract(s)
A investigação focou-se no mapeamento e análise da evolução do cartaz cultural, especificamente aqueles que foram produzidos no intervalo temporal compreendido entre os anos de 1933 a 1960, para os espectáculos de teatro e de bailado, contemplando também os cartazes para os filmes portugueses realizados no mesmo período.
A falta de catalogação deste tipo de objetos durante aquele período, justificou a necessidade de fazer a pesquisa e o levantamento dos exemplares existentes em diversos arquivos, bibliotecas e museus.
As balizas temporais estabelecidas decorrem entre 1933 – ano em que se assinala a Constituição do Estado Novo e a criação do Secretariado de Propaganda Nacional – e 1960, o ano em que Portugal entrou para a EFTA, estabelecendo mudanças no tecido económico português, forçadas pelo novo contexto internacional do Pós-2.ª Guerra Mundial.
Tendo como base a observação e análise dos exemplares carreados, em seguida procedeu-se ao levantamento e identificação autoral dos criadores/designers envolvidos na conceção dos cartazes, bem como à análise das caraterísticas formais dos mesmos, registando as alterações detetadas ao longo do período em estudo.
The research focuses on the mapping and analysis of the cultural poster evolution through time, especially the ones that were created during the period 1933-1960 for theater and ballet shows, also taking into consideration portuguese movie posters created at the same time. Since there was a lack of data listing of this kind of objects over the given period, it was necessary to research samples available at different public files, libraries and museums. The period was set between 1933 – the year of the “Constituição do Estado Novo” and the creation of “Secretariado de Propaganda Nacional” – and 1960, the year that Portugal joined EFTA, resulting in changes in the Portuguese economic context forced by the new post World War II scenario. The observation and analysis of the samples mentioned above were set as the starting point of this research, followed by the identification of the authors - designers/producers – involved in the creative process of the cultural posters, as well as the analysis of formal features, taking note of the changes noticed throughout the period that has been studied.
The research focuses on the mapping and analysis of the cultural poster evolution through time, especially the ones that were created during the period 1933-1960 for theater and ballet shows, also taking into consideration portuguese movie posters created at the same time. Since there was a lack of data listing of this kind of objects over the given period, it was necessary to research samples available at different public files, libraries and museums. The period was set between 1933 – the year of the “Constituição do Estado Novo” and the creation of “Secretariado de Propaganda Nacional” – and 1960, the year that Portugal joined EFTA, resulting in changes in the Portuguese economic context forced by the new post World War II scenario. The observation and analysis of the samples mentioned above were set as the starting point of this research, followed by the identification of the authors - designers/producers – involved in the creative process of the cultural posters, as well as the analysis of formal features, taking note of the changes noticed throughout the period that has been studied.
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Keywords
Design gráfico Publicidade Cartaz cultural Artes performativas Cinema Identificação autoral Portugal