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A Hipossialia em pacientes hipertensos
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Resumo(s)
Introdução: A administração de anti-hipertensores pode ter repercussões na cavidade
oral, nomeadamente hipossialia/xerostomia, e subsequentemente impacto na qualidade de vida.
Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência de hipossialia e os fatores de risco associados numa
população específica administrando anti-hipertensores, relacionando-a com variáveis
sociodemográficas, autoperceção da xerostomia e autoperceção da qualidade de vida
relacionada com saúde oral.
Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra aleatória de 40 participantes que compareceu
nas consultas de MDPCA II entre janeiro e junho de 2020, consentindo sua participação
no estudo. Foi aplicado um questionário composto por variáveis sociodemográficas,
dados clínicos da hipertensão arterial, Summated Xerostomia Inventory (SXI-PL) e The
short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire (OHIP-14sp). Mediu-se a
tensão arterial e a sialometria obtendo-se as taxas de fluxo salivar não estimulado e
estimulado. Os dados recolhidos foram submetidos a análise estatística através do
SPSS®.
Resultados: A prevalência da hipossialia foi 60%, sendo mais prevalente nos
grupos 51-60 anos (17,5%) e 61-70 anos (17,5%), sexo masculino (35%), caucasiana
(55%), reformados(as) (32,5%), casados(as) / união de facto (47,5%), no grupo dos
hipertensos > 10 anos (37,5%), que administram único anti-hipertensor (52,5%) e uso
bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio (22,5%).Não foi encontrada associação da prevalência de hipossialia com variáveis sociodemográficas, nem com a hipertensão arterial (p> 0,05).
Observou-se impacto na autopercepção de xerostomia (SXI-PL) (8,04 ± 2,31) e na
qualidade de vida relacionada com saúde oral (OHIP-14sp) (2,5 ± 2,25) no grupo com
hipossialia. Verificou-se correlação entre a hipossialia com SXI-PL (p <0,05) e com
OHIP-14sp (p <0,05). Não observou correlação da hipertensão arterial com OHIP-14sp
(p> 0,05).
Conclusão: Compete ao Médico Dentista proceder diagnóstico precoce de hipossialia
associada ao uso de anti-hipertensores, delineando estratégias preventivas que promovam o bem-estar na qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral.
Introduction: The administration of antihypertensive drugs has side effects in oral cavity likewise hyposialia/xerostomia causing subjective impacts on quality of life. Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence of hyposialia and associated risk factors on a specific population having antihypertensive drugs, relating with sociodemographic variables, selfperception of xerostomia and self-perception of oral health related quality of life. Methods: Cross-sectional study with random sample of 40 participants, who attended MDPCA II appointments between January and June 2020, consented to participate the study. A questionnaire composed of sociodemographic variables, clinical data of hypertension, Summated Xerostomy Inventory (SXI-PL) and The short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire (OHIP-14sp) was applied. The blood pressure and sialometry were measured to obtain the non-stimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates. The collected data were submitted to statistical analysis through SPSS®. Results: The prevalence of hyposialia was 60% in our sample, being more prevalent among the age groups 51-60 (17,5%) and 61-70 years (17,5%), male (35%), Caucasian (55%), retired (32,5%), married/cohabiton (47,5%), being hypertensive over 10 years (37,5%), having a single antihypertensive drug (52,5%) and using drug such as calcium channel blockers (22,5%). No association was found between the prevalence of hyposialia and sociodemographic variables, nor hypertension (p > 0,05). Impact on self-perception of xerostomia (SXI-PL) (8,04 ± 2,31) and oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14sp) (2,5 ± 2,25) was observed in the group with hyposialia. There was a correlation between hyposialia condition with SXI-PL (p < 0,05) and OHIP-14sp (p < 0,05). No correlation of hypertension with OHIP-14sp (p > 0,05) was observed. Conclusion: Dentists have the responsibility and duty for the early diagnosis of hyposialia on patients having antihypertensive drugs, in order to guide the preventive strategies promoting the well-being on individual oral health-related quality of life.
Introduction: The administration of antihypertensive drugs has side effects in oral cavity likewise hyposialia/xerostomia causing subjective impacts on quality of life. Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence of hyposialia and associated risk factors on a specific population having antihypertensive drugs, relating with sociodemographic variables, selfperception of xerostomia and self-perception of oral health related quality of life. Methods: Cross-sectional study with random sample of 40 participants, who attended MDPCA II appointments between January and June 2020, consented to participate the study. A questionnaire composed of sociodemographic variables, clinical data of hypertension, Summated Xerostomy Inventory (SXI-PL) and The short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire (OHIP-14sp) was applied. The blood pressure and sialometry were measured to obtain the non-stimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates. The collected data were submitted to statistical analysis through SPSS®. Results: The prevalence of hyposialia was 60% in our sample, being more prevalent among the age groups 51-60 (17,5%) and 61-70 years (17,5%), male (35%), Caucasian (55%), retired (32,5%), married/cohabiton (47,5%), being hypertensive over 10 years (37,5%), having a single antihypertensive drug (52,5%) and using drug such as calcium channel blockers (22,5%). No association was found between the prevalence of hyposialia and sociodemographic variables, nor hypertension (p > 0,05). Impact on self-perception of xerostomia (SXI-PL) (8,04 ± 2,31) and oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14sp) (2,5 ± 2,25) was observed in the group with hyposialia. There was a correlation between hyposialia condition with SXI-PL (p < 0,05) and OHIP-14sp (p < 0,05). No correlation of hypertension with OHIP-14sp (p > 0,05) was observed. Conclusion: Dentists have the responsibility and duty for the early diagnosis of hyposialia on patients having antihypertensive drugs, in order to guide the preventive strategies promoting the well-being on individual oral health-related quality of life.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
Hipossialia Hipertensão arterial Xerostomia Qualidade de vida