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Bronquite Parasitária em Bovinos Produtores de Leite: Estudo de Caso Clínico
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A bronquite parasitária em bovinos é uma doença causada pelo parasita Dictyocaulus viviparus que afecta
bovinos. O parasita tem uma presença cosmopolita no mundo com prevalências variáveis. Localiza-se na
traqueia, brônquios e bronquíolos de bovinos, onde causam lesões. Dictyocaulus viviparus tem um ciclo
endógeno e exógeno, dependente do ambiente e das condições climáticas para sua sobrevivência e seu
desenvolvimento.
As manifestações clínicas da doença incluem dispneia, tosse húmida, roncos difusos à auscultação
pulmonar, e enfisema pulmonar. Pode haver febre e broncopneumonias secundárias. Um dos sinais com
maior impacto nas explorações é a queda de produção leiteira.
O caso clínica apresentado aqui refere-se a um surto ocorrido numa exploração leiteira do departamento de
Manche na Normandia (França). Os casos clínicos surgiram em animais jovens de primeira ou segunda
lactação no mês de dezembro de 2021 mas as quedas de produção afectaram o rebanho inteiro num
periodo maior.
Além da presença de Dictyocaulus viviparus evidenciada na exploração, a investigação deste caso permitiu
identificar vários agentes infecciosos, que podiam ter participado no agravamento do quadro observado.
O diagnóstico foi realizado pelo método do copo cônico e o tratamento médico foi feito com recurso a
eprinomectina.
O trabalho aborda os aspeitos clínicos da doença, seu controlo e suas consequências, e permite uma
discussão sobre as mudanças epidemiologicas observadas que podem perspectivar o futuro, relacionadas
com as alterações climáticas.
Lungworm infection in the bovine specie is a disease caused by Dictyocaulus viviparus that affects cattle. This parasite has a cosmopolitan presence in the world with variable prevalences. The parasite is located in the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles of cattle where they cause lesions. Dictyocaulus viviparus has an endogenous and exogenous cycle that depends on the environmental and climatic conditions for his survival and development. The clinical manifestation of the disease includes dyspnea, humid cough, crackles at pulmonary auscultation and pulmonary emphysema. Fever and secondary bronchopneumonia can occur. A clinical signal with major impact in dairy cattle is the loss of dairy production. The clinical case that is presented here is referring to an outbreak in a dairy farm in the department of Manche in Normandy (France). The clinical cases appeared principally on young animals from first or second lactation, during the month of December 2021, although the loss of production that affected the cattle was observed on a longer period. Besides the presence of Dictyocaulus viviparus observed in the farm, the investigation of the case allowed the identification of various infectious agents that could have participated in the worsening of the clinical condition observed. The diagnosis was accomplished by the conical cup method and medical treatment achieved through the use of eprinomectin. This work talks about the clinical aspects of the disease, its control and consequences, and permits a discussion about epidemiological changes observed and the future perspectives related to climate change.
Lungworm infection in the bovine specie is a disease caused by Dictyocaulus viviparus that affects cattle. This parasite has a cosmopolitan presence in the world with variable prevalences. The parasite is located in the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles of cattle where they cause lesions. Dictyocaulus viviparus has an endogenous and exogenous cycle that depends on the environmental and climatic conditions for his survival and development. The clinical manifestation of the disease includes dyspnea, humid cough, crackles at pulmonary auscultation and pulmonary emphysema. Fever and secondary bronchopneumonia can occur. A clinical signal with major impact in dairy cattle is the loss of dairy production. The clinical case that is presented here is referring to an outbreak in a dairy farm in the department of Manche in Normandy (France). The clinical cases appeared principally on young animals from first or second lactation, during the month of December 2021, although the loss of production that affected the cattle was observed on a longer period. Besides the presence of Dictyocaulus viviparus observed in the farm, the investigation of the case allowed the identification of various infectious agents that could have participated in the worsening of the clinical condition observed. The diagnosis was accomplished by the conical cup method and medical treatment achieved through the use of eprinomectin. This work talks about the clinical aspects of the disease, its control and consequences, and permits a discussion about epidemiological changes observed and the future perspectives related to climate change.
Description
Keywords
Dictyocaulus viviparus Bronquite Parasita Clima Pasto Produção leiteira Bovinos Bronquitis Climate Parasite Pasture Milk production Bovine