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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Avaliar in vitro se os novos agentes de branqueamento disponíveis no mercado à base de ácido phtalimidoperoxicapróico (PAP) apresentam diferenças significativas em comparação com os agentes branqueadores com peróxido de hidrogénio relativamente a eficácia do branqueamento, as alterações da microdureza do esmalte e ao aumento da rugosidade do esmalte.
Materiais e Métodos: 60 dentes anteriores hígidos foram limpos e polidos antes de serem aleatoriamente distribuídos em quatro grupos (n=15), de acordo com o agente de branqueamento aplicado: G1 : Gel placebo; G2 : ácido phtalimidoperoxicapróico: Brilliant Lumina (Coltene®); G3 – peróxido de hidrogénio: Whiteness HP Automixx 6% (FGM®); G4 – peróxido de hidrogénio: Pola Rapid 6% (SDI®). A cor de cada dente foi avaliada com recurso a um espectrofotómetro pelo método CIELAB. A microdureza de cada amostra foi determinada utilizando a maquina de Vickers. Um dente de cada grupo foi aleatoriamente selecionado para avaliação da rugosidade com recurso a Microscopia de Força Atómica. Todos os testes foram realizados antes e após o branqueamento. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com o software SPSS, recorrendo ao teste não
paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, à MANOVA de medições repetidas de tipo misto e ao teste de Shapiro-Wilk para a cor; a uma ANOVA de medições repetidas de tipo misto para a microdureza; e a um Modelo Linear Misto para a rugosidade, todos com um nível de confiança de 95% (α=0,05).
Resultados: Após o branqueamento, os grupos não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si relativamente à alteração de cor (p=0,801). Os grupos G2, G3 e G4 evidenciaram uma diminuição significativa da microdureza (p<0,001), o grupo G2 apresenta uma diminuição significativa em comparação com os grupos G3 e G4. O estudo apresenta uma tendência de diminuição da rugosidade em todos os grupos.
Conclusão: O PAP não apresentou vantagens na eficácia do branqueamento. Todos os agentes de branqueamento utilizados demonstraram impacto na estrutura do esmalte ao nível da microdureza e o estudo indica-nos uma tendência de diminuição de rugosidade.
Objectives: To evaluate in vitro whether the new bleaching agents available on the market containing phthalimidoperoxycaproic (PAP) acid show significant differences compared to hydrogen peroxide–based bleaching agents regarding whitening efficacy, changes in enamel microhardness, and the increase in enamel roughness. Materials and Methods: 60 sound anterior teeth were cleaned and polished before being randomly distributed into four groups (n=15), according to the bleaching agent applied: G1 – placebo gel; G2 – phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid: Brilliant Lumina (Coltene®); G3 – hydrogen peroxide: Whiteness HP Automixx 6% (FGM®); G4 – hydrogen peroxide: Pola Rapid 6% (SDI®). Tooth color was assessed using a spectrophotometer in the CIELAB space. The microhardness of each sample was determined using a Vickers hardness tester. One tooth from each group was randomly selected for surface roughness assessment by Atomic Force Microscopy. All tests were performed before and after bleaching. Data were analyzed with SPSS software, using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, a mixed-design repeated measures MANOVA and the Shapiro-Wilk test for color; a mixed-design repeated measures ANOVA for microhardness; and a Linear Mixed Model for roughness, all with a 95% confidence level (α=0.05). Results: After bleaching, no significant differences were found between groups regarding color change (p=0.801). Groups G2, G3, and G4 showed a significant decrease in microhardness (p<0.001), with G2 presenting a greater reduction compared to G3 and G4. The study indicates a trend toward a decrease in roughness in all groups. Conclusion: PAP does not offer any advantages in terms of bleaching effectiveness. All agents presented an impact on the enamel structure in terms of microhardness, and the study indicates a trend toward a decrease in roughness.
Objectives: To evaluate in vitro whether the new bleaching agents available on the market containing phthalimidoperoxycaproic (PAP) acid show significant differences compared to hydrogen peroxide–based bleaching agents regarding whitening efficacy, changes in enamel microhardness, and the increase in enamel roughness. Materials and Methods: 60 sound anterior teeth were cleaned and polished before being randomly distributed into four groups (n=15), according to the bleaching agent applied: G1 – placebo gel; G2 – phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid: Brilliant Lumina (Coltene®); G3 – hydrogen peroxide: Whiteness HP Automixx 6% (FGM®); G4 – hydrogen peroxide: Pola Rapid 6% (SDI®). Tooth color was assessed using a spectrophotometer in the CIELAB space. The microhardness of each sample was determined using a Vickers hardness tester. One tooth from each group was randomly selected for surface roughness assessment by Atomic Force Microscopy. All tests were performed before and after bleaching. Data were analyzed with SPSS software, using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, a mixed-design repeated measures MANOVA and the Shapiro-Wilk test for color; a mixed-design repeated measures ANOVA for microhardness; and a Linear Mixed Model for roughness, all with a 95% confidence level (α=0.05). Results: After bleaching, no significant differences were found between groups regarding color change (p=0.801). Groups G2, G3, and G4 showed a significant decrease in microhardness (p<0.001), with G2 presenting a greater reduction compared to G3 and G4. The study indicates a trend toward a decrease in roughness in all groups. Conclusion: PAP does not offer any advantages in terms of bleaching effectiveness. All agents presented an impact on the enamel structure in terms of microhardness, and the study indicates a trend toward a decrease in roughness.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Branqueamento dentário Cor Microdureza Rugosidade
