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Estudo comparativo da autoestima e qualidade de vida em pacientes tratados com ortodontia fixa em relação aos tratados com alinhadores
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Nos últimos anos, a ortodontia tem evoluído não só em termos de eficácia clínica, mas também na atenção prestada ao bem-estar e à perceção subjetiva dos pacientes. A crescente procura por alternativas mais discretas e confortáveis contribuiu para a popularização dos alinhadores transparentes como opção aos aparelhos ortodônticos fixos tradicionais. Neste contexto, torna-se relevante compreender o impacto destes dispositivos na qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral e na autoestima, dois aspetos centrais numa abordagem terapêutica centrada no paciente.
Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo comparar a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral (QVRSO) e a autoestima de pacientes com mais de 16 anos, tratados com alinhadores transparentes ou aparelhos ortodônticos fixos, tendo em conta um mínimo de três meses de tratamento.
Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com pacientes com mais de 16 anos, atualmente em tratamento ortodôntico. A QVRSO foi avaliada através do questionário OHIP-14, e a autoestima foi medida com a escala de Rosenberg. Os resultados foram comparados entre os dois grupos (alinhadores vs. aparelhos fixos) utilizando testes estatísticos apropriados.
Resultados: Os pacientes tratados com alinhadores apresentaram pontuações significativamente inferiores em várias dimensões do OHIP-14, nomeadamente dor física, desconforto psicológico, incapacidade física e desvantagem, refletindo uma melhor perceção da qualidade de vida. Não se observaram diferenças significativas relativamente à autoestima, nem quanto às limitações funcionais, incapacidade psicológica ou incapacidade social.
Conclusão: O tratamento com alinhadores parece estar associado a uma melhor qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral nos pacientes em tratamento, especialmente nos domínios funcional e emocional. A autoestima, por outro lado, não parece ser influenciada pelo tipo de aparelho utilizado, o que sugere a necessidade de ferramentas de avaliação mais específicas quanto ao impacto estético do tratamento ortodôntico. Estes resultados incentivam uma abordagem terapêutica centrada na experiência do paciente.
Introduction : Over recent years, the field of orthodontics has advanced not only in terms of clinical effectiveness but also in its responsiveness to patients' well-being and subjective experience. The growing preference for more discreet and comfortable alternatives has led to the increasing popularity of clear aligners as substitutes for conventional fixed appliances. Within this context, it becomes particularly relevant to assess the impact of these devices on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self-esteem, two fundamental dimensions in a patient-centered therapeutic approach. Objective : This study aims to compare the oral health-related quality of life and self-esteem of individuals over the age of 16 undergoing orthodontic treatment with either clear aligners or fixed appliances, with a minimum treatment duration of three months. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted involving patients aged 16 and older who were currently undergoing orthodontic treatment. The OHIP-14 questionnaire was used to assess OHRQoL, while self-esteem was evaluated using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Comparative statistical analyses were performed to examine differences between the two treatment groups. Results : Patients receiving treatment with clear aligners demonstrated significantly lower scores across several OHIP-14 domains specifically physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, and handicap indicating a more favorable perceived quality of life. No statistically significant differences were observed with respect to self-esteem, functional limitations, psychological disability, or social disability. Conclusion : Orthodontic treatment with clear aligners appears to be associated with improved oral health-related quality of life, particularly in domains linked to physical and emotional wellbeing. In contrast, self-esteem does not appear to be directly influenced by the type of orthodontic appliance used. These findings underscore the importance of developing more targeted evaluative tools capable of capturing the aesthetic and psychosocial dimensions of orthodontic treatment outcomes, thereby reinforcing the value of a patient-centered approach in clinical decision-making.
Introduction : Over recent years, the field of orthodontics has advanced not only in terms of clinical effectiveness but also in its responsiveness to patients' well-being and subjective experience. The growing preference for more discreet and comfortable alternatives has led to the increasing popularity of clear aligners as substitutes for conventional fixed appliances. Within this context, it becomes particularly relevant to assess the impact of these devices on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and self-esteem, two fundamental dimensions in a patient-centered therapeutic approach. Objective : This study aims to compare the oral health-related quality of life and self-esteem of individuals over the age of 16 undergoing orthodontic treatment with either clear aligners or fixed appliances, with a minimum treatment duration of three months. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted involving patients aged 16 and older who were currently undergoing orthodontic treatment. The OHIP-14 questionnaire was used to assess OHRQoL, while self-esteem was evaluated using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Comparative statistical analyses were performed to examine differences between the two treatment groups. Results : Patients receiving treatment with clear aligners demonstrated significantly lower scores across several OHIP-14 domains specifically physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, and handicap indicating a more favorable perceived quality of life. No statistically significant differences were observed with respect to self-esteem, functional limitations, psychological disability, or social disability. Conclusion : Orthodontic treatment with clear aligners appears to be associated with improved oral health-related quality of life, particularly in domains linked to physical and emotional wellbeing. In contrast, self-esteem does not appear to be directly influenced by the type of orthodontic appliance used. These findings underscore the importance of developing more targeted evaluative tools capable of capturing the aesthetic and psychosocial dimensions of orthodontic treatment outcomes, thereby reinforcing the value of a patient-centered approach in clinical decision-making.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Autoestima Qualidade de vida Ortodontia Alinhadores