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Fatores de risco cardiovascular numa amostra populacional
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: As doenças cardiovasculares são uma das principais causas de mortalidade em
Portugal. A sua prevenção associa-se a gestão eficaz de fatores de risco e otimização de comportamentos
de procura de saúde. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado em outubro de
2013, com o objetivo de rastrear fatores de risco cardiovascular em pessoas residentes na área
de abrangência da ULS de Matosinhos que, espontaneamente, aderiram à ação. Foi utilizado
um instrumento de colheita de dados autoconstruído com as variáveis género, idade, local de
residência, vinculação a Unidade de Saúde, ter enfermeiro e médico de família, história de
patologia familiar e pessoal, TA, glicemia capilar, IMC, PA, tabagismo, sedentarismo e regime
medicamentoso. Resultados: Participaram no estudo 25 indivíduos com idades compreendidas
entre 26 e 75 anos, 56% do género masculino e 44% do género feminino, 36% considerase
saudável, 40% e 52% refere respetivamente história familiar e pessoal de doença cardiovascular,
20% refere ter diabetes, 56% está medicado com anti-hipertensores, 56% apresenta
valores elevados de tensão arterial e, destes, 71,4% refere ausência ou desconhecimento de
doença cardiovascular, 76% apresentou hiperglicemia capilar em jejum, 32% faz exercício
físico de forma sistematizada, 4% fuma, 20% têm peso normal, 24% tensão arterial normal,
todos referem ter médico de família e 12% desconhece ter enfermeiro de família. Discussão:
A Direcção-Geral da Saúde (2003) apela à priorização da atenção às pessoas com fatores de
risco e de história pessoal ou familiar de doença cardiovascular. Os dados revelam que múltiplas
patologias, fatores de risco e história pregressa familiar de doença cardiovascular são
registos presentes no indivíduo e que merecem atenção mesmo em intervenções ocasionais.
Conclusão: As intervenções populacionais ocasionais também podem encorajar o cidadão a
ser responsável pela sua própria saúde.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major cause of mortality in Portugal. Its prevention is linked with effective risk factors management and health seeking behaviors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was developed in October 2013 with the purpose of tracking cardiovascular risk factors in people living in the area covered by the ULS Matosinhos who spontaneously joined the action. It was built a data collection instrument with the variables: gender, age, residence, to have ties to Health Unit, to have nurse and doctor family, to have personal and family cardiovascular diseases history, blood pressure, fasting capillary glucose, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking habits, inactivity and medication. Results: The sample consisted of 25 people aged between 26 and 75 years, 56% male and 44% female, 36% consider themselves healthy, 40% and 52% respectively referred family and personal cardiovascular diseases history, 20 % diabetes, 56% take antihypertensive drugs, 56% had elevated blood pressure values, of which 71.4% reported absence or unawareness of cardiovascular disease, 76% showed hyperglycemia capillary in fasting, 32% get exercise in a systematic way, 4% had smoking habits, 20 % had normal weight, 24% had normal blood pressure, all reported to have a family doctor and 12% unaware to have family nurse. Discussion: The Directorate General of Health (2003) calls for the prioritization of care for people with risk factors and personal or family cardiovascular diseases history. The data reveal that multiple pathologies, risk factors and family cardiovascular diseases history are present in the individual and deserve attention even in occasional interventions. Conclusion: The occasional interventions for population also may encourage citizens to take responsibility for their own health.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major cause of mortality in Portugal. Its prevention is linked with effective risk factors management and health seeking behaviors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was developed in October 2013 with the purpose of tracking cardiovascular risk factors in people living in the area covered by the ULS Matosinhos who spontaneously joined the action. It was built a data collection instrument with the variables: gender, age, residence, to have ties to Health Unit, to have nurse and doctor family, to have personal and family cardiovascular diseases history, blood pressure, fasting capillary glucose, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking habits, inactivity and medication. Results: The sample consisted of 25 people aged between 26 and 75 years, 56% male and 44% female, 36% consider themselves healthy, 40% and 52% respectively referred family and personal cardiovascular diseases history, 20 % diabetes, 56% take antihypertensive drugs, 56% had elevated blood pressure values, of which 71.4% reported absence or unawareness of cardiovascular disease, 76% showed hyperglycemia capillary in fasting, 32% get exercise in a systematic way, 4% had smoking habits, 20 % had normal weight, 24% had normal blood pressure, all reported to have a family doctor and 12% unaware to have family nurse. Discussion: The Directorate General of Health (2003) calls for the prioritization of care for people with risk factors and personal or family cardiovascular diseases history. The data reveal that multiple pathologies, risk factors and family cardiovascular diseases history are present in the individual and deserve attention even in occasional interventions. Conclusion: The occasional interventions for population also may encourage citizens to take responsibility for their own health.
Description
Keywords
Doenças cardiovasculares Comportamentos saudáveis Estilos de vida Fatores de risco
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto