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Estudo piloto : caracterização in vivo do microbioma formado em superfícies mistas e totalmente maquinadas de implantes de titânio
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A grande maioria das infeções associadas aos implantes dentários resultam da adesão de bactérias à superfície dos biomateriais e subsequente formação de biofilme. A peri-implantite resulta de um processo que compreende interações bacterianas e uma resposta inflamatória excessiva do hospedeiro. O propósito das modificações da superfície implantar é afetar positivamente a resposta dos tecidos à colocação do implante, nomeadamente reduzindo a adesão bacteriana e aumentando a osteointegração.
Objetivos: Caracterizar o microbioma formado em superfícies mistas e totalmente maquinadas de implantes de titânio presentes na cavidade oral de voluntários humanos durante 48h, e investigar o impacto dos microrganismos na estrutura dos implantes.
Materiais e métodos: Vinte e dois voluntários usaram dispositivos intra-orais contendo, em cada lado, um implante de titânio maquinado e um implante com tratamento de superfície Vellox® (duplo condicionamento ácido + jateamento com óxido de alumínio) por um período de 48h. Após este período os implantes foram recolhidos e o microbioma bacteriano aderido foi caracterizado quanto à sua composição e diversidade com recurso à sequenciação dos genes da porção 16S do ARN ribossomal. Adicionalmente, os implantes estudados foram observados com recurso ao MEV e a sua molhabilidade superficial foi obtida por mediação do ângulo de contacto.
Resultados: A superfície Vellox® (135,6º ± 2,8) apresentou um ângulo de contacto superior à superfície maquinada (102,6 ± 0,4) sendo ambas caracterizadas como hidrofóbicas. Ao contrário da superfície maquinada que apresenta, a nível microscópico uma superfície plana e regular, a superfície Vellox® apresenta uma superfície irregular com cavidades de dimensão e disposição variáveis. Comparando a adesão bacteriana das duas superfícies verifica-se que esta ocorre de maneira semelhante em ambas as superfícies estando esta representada na ausência de diferença estatisticamente significativa na beta diversidade.
Conclusão: A molhabilidade e a características microtopográficas da superfície implantar não promovem a adesão do biofilme inicial às superfícies com diferentes tratamentos de superfície.
Introduction: The vast majority of dental implant-related infections result from bacteria adhering to the surface of biomaterials and subsequent biofilm formation. Peri-implantitis results from a process comprising bacterial interactions and an excessive inflammatory response of the host. The purpose of changes in the implanted surface is to positively alter tissue response to implant placement, including bacterial adhesion and osteointegration. Objectives: To characterize the microbiome formed on machined surfaces of titanium implants present in the human oral cavity for 48h, and investigate the impact of microorganisms on the implant structure. Materials and methods: Twenty-two volunteers used intraoral devices on each side, a machined titanium implant and a Vellox® surface treatment (dual acid etching + blasting whit aluminium oxide) implant for a period of 48h. After this period, the implants were collected and the attached bacterial microbiome was used for its composition and diversity using the sequencing of the 16S section genes of ribosomal RNA. Additionally, the studied implants were observed using SEM and their surface moisture was applied by contact angle measurement. Results: The Vellox® surface (135.6º ± 2.8) presented a contact angle higher than the machined surface (102.6 ± 0.4) and the characteristics were characterized as hydrophobic. Unlike its machined surface, which has a flat and regular microscopic surface level, a Vellox® surface has an uneven surface with display cavities and surface variations. Comparing bacterial adhesion of two verified surfaces, which occurs similarly on surfaces such as surfaces that are represented in the absence of a statistically significant difference in beta diversity. Conclusion: Hydration and microtopographic characteristics of the implanted surface do not promote adhesion of the initial biofilm to surfaces with different surface depths.
Introduction: The vast majority of dental implant-related infections result from bacteria adhering to the surface of biomaterials and subsequent biofilm formation. Peri-implantitis results from a process comprising bacterial interactions and an excessive inflammatory response of the host. The purpose of changes in the implanted surface is to positively alter tissue response to implant placement, including bacterial adhesion and osteointegration. Objectives: To characterize the microbiome formed on machined surfaces of titanium implants present in the human oral cavity for 48h, and investigate the impact of microorganisms on the implant structure. Materials and methods: Twenty-two volunteers used intraoral devices on each side, a machined titanium implant and a Vellox® surface treatment (dual acid etching + blasting whit aluminium oxide) implant for a period of 48h. After this period, the implants were collected and the attached bacterial microbiome was used for its composition and diversity using the sequencing of the 16S section genes of ribosomal RNA. Additionally, the studied implants were observed using SEM and their surface moisture was applied by contact angle measurement. Results: The Vellox® surface (135.6º ± 2.8) presented a contact angle higher than the machined surface (102.6 ± 0.4) and the characteristics were characterized as hydrophobic. Unlike its machined surface, which has a flat and regular microscopic surface level, a Vellox® surface has an uneven surface with display cavities and surface variations. Comparing bacterial adhesion of two verified surfaces, which occurs similarly on surfaces such as surfaces that are represented in the absence of a statistically significant difference in beta diversity. Conclusion: Hydration and microtopographic characteristics of the implanted surface do not promote adhesion of the initial biofilm to surfaces with different surface depths.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Adesão bacteriana Titânio Implante Superfície implantar Molhabilidade Propriedades de superfície