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Otimização de envolvente e sistemas técnicos de moradia unifamiliar com recurso a modelos virtuais
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Efetuou-se o estudo dos sistemas técnicos e das características térmicas de uma moradia
unifamiliar construída na década de ‘80, no distrito de Setúbal. O estudo assentou na utilização
da plataforma online de coordenação de trabalhos Bimserver.center onde foi armazenada e
gerida a informação e ficheiros referentes ao projeto. Para a modelação arquitetónica, foi utilizado
o programa IFCBuilder, a simulação energética foi feita com recurso ao CYPETHERM EPlus e
para a certificação energética recorreu-se ao CYPETHERM SCE-HAB. O trabalho teve como
objetivo a sistematização da abordagem, com recurso a modelos digitais, no estudo e proposta
de medidas de melhoria (envolvente e sistemas) em edifícios de habitação unifamiliares, onde
se utilizou, também, o programa Arquimedes para a obtenção dos custos para a implementação
das medidas de melhoria e o estudo da sua viabilidade económica.
Na realização do estudo, tiveram-se em consideração as condições de conforto térmico,
nomeadamente, as temperaturas interiores de conforto, a orientação do edifício e a sua
exposição solar, materiais construtivos, os caudais de renovação de ar e a implementação de
sistemas técnicos para garantir o aquecimento e arrefecimento ambiente e a produção de AQS
de acordo com os requisitos da legislação portuguesa em vigor para os cenários de edifício
existente, edifício alvo de grande intervenção e edifício novo.
Procedeu-se ainda a uma comparação entre os resultados obtidos entre a simulação
energética sazonal (CYPETHERM SCE-HAB) e a simulação energética horária (CYPETHERM
EPLUS).
De acordo com o trabalho elaborado, concluiu-se que a energia necessária para garantir as
condições de conforto interiores no caso de estudo é bastante superior àquela para o seu edifício
de referência o que revela um potencial de melhoria de desempenho energético do edifício
elevado, atingível com a implementação de algumas medidas de melhoria. No entanto, verificou-
se também, que nem todas as medidas de melhoria necessárias para colocar a habitação dentro
dos parâmetros legais em vigor se traduzem num bom investimento do ponto de vista económico
para o proprietário do edifício. Considerando esta situação, considera-se importante que existam
incentivos para aumentar as probabilidades dos proprietários deste tipo de imóveis
implementarem as medidas de melhoria que permitam a transformação das habitações
existentes em edifícios mais eficientes e com menos necessidades energéticas para que se
consiga atingir as metas estabelecidas no PNEC.
A study was carried out of the technical systems and thermal characteristics of a single-family house built in the '80s, in the district of Setúbal. The study was based on the use of the online work coordination platform Bimserver.center where the information and files related to the project were stored and managed. For the architectural modeling, the IFCBuilder program was used, the energy simulation was carried out using CYPETHERM EPlus and for energy certification, the CYPETHERM SCE-HAB was utilized. The objective of the work was to systematize the approach, using digital models, in the study and proposal of improvement measures (surroundings and technical systems) in single-family residential buildings. The Archimedes program was used to obtain the costs associated with the implementation of the improvement measures and the study of their economic viability. In carrying out the study, consideration was given to thermal comfort conditions, namely, indoor comfort temperatures, the building’ orientation and its sun exposure, building materials, air renewal and the implementation of technical systems to guarantee space heating and cooling and the production of DHW in accordance with the requirements of the Portuguese legislation in regards to the three types of buildings, existing buildings, buildings that go trough a great renovation and new buildings. During the work, a comparison was also made between the two energy simulation techniques utilized, the sazonal energy simulation (CYPETHERM SCE-HAB) and the hourly energy simulation (CYPETHERM EPLUS). According to the work carried out, it was concluded that the amount of energy necessary to guarantee the interior comfort conditions in the case study is much higher when compared to its reference building, which reveals a potential for improving the energy performance of the building which can be achieved with the implementation of some improvement measures. However, it was also verified that not all the improvement measures necessary to place the housing within the legal parameters in force translate into a good investment from an economic point of view for the owner of the building. Considering this situation, it is considered important that there are incentives to increase the chances of owners of this type of property to implement improvement measures that allow the transformation of existing homes into more efficient buildings with less energy demand, in order to achieve the established goals in the PNEC.
A study was carried out of the technical systems and thermal characteristics of a single-family house built in the '80s, in the district of Setúbal. The study was based on the use of the online work coordination platform Bimserver.center where the information and files related to the project were stored and managed. For the architectural modeling, the IFCBuilder program was used, the energy simulation was carried out using CYPETHERM EPlus and for energy certification, the CYPETHERM SCE-HAB was utilized. The objective of the work was to systematize the approach, using digital models, in the study and proposal of improvement measures (surroundings and technical systems) in single-family residential buildings. The Archimedes program was used to obtain the costs associated with the implementation of the improvement measures and the study of their economic viability. In carrying out the study, consideration was given to thermal comfort conditions, namely, indoor comfort temperatures, the building’ orientation and its sun exposure, building materials, air renewal and the implementation of technical systems to guarantee space heating and cooling and the production of DHW in accordance with the requirements of the Portuguese legislation in regards to the three types of buildings, existing buildings, buildings that go trough a great renovation and new buildings. During the work, a comparison was also made between the two energy simulation techniques utilized, the sazonal energy simulation (CYPETHERM SCE-HAB) and the hourly energy simulation (CYPETHERM EPLUS). According to the work carried out, it was concluded that the amount of energy necessary to guarantee the interior comfort conditions in the case study is much higher when compared to its reference building, which reveals a potential for improving the energy performance of the building which can be achieved with the implementation of some improvement measures. However, it was also verified that not all the improvement measures necessary to place the housing within the legal parameters in force translate into a good investment from an economic point of view for the owner of the building. Considering this situation, it is considered important that there are incentives to increase the chances of owners of this type of property to implement improvement measures that allow the transformation of existing homes into more efficient buildings with less energy demand, in order to achieve the established goals in the PNEC.
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Palavras-chave
BIM Modelos digitais Conforto térmico Eficiência energética Certificação Energética Simulação energética Digital models Thermal confort Energy efficiency Energy certification Energy simulation