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Influência do tratamento ortodôntico na prevalência de lesões de cárie, patologia pulpar e periapical em doentes tratados na clínica dentária do instituto universitário Egas Moniz
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Perante uma agressão, à polpa dentária pode apresentar reações
degenerativas. Estas são dependentes do tipo, frequência e intensidade do agente
agressor. O tratamento ortodôntico, por envolver processos de reabsorção e neoformação óssea induz os tecidos dentários a um stresse capaz de desencadear uma resposta inflamatória na polpa dentária. Embora diversos estudos tenham mostrado que o emprego de forças ortodônticas seja capaz de desencadear níveis de inflamação tecidual e apoptose celular ainda há bastante controvérsia acerca desta temática. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de diferentes lesões em doentes tratados ortodonticamente na clínica dentária do Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 100 processos de doentes tratados na clínica entre os anos de 2015 e 2020. Através da análise dos processos e respetivas ortopantomografias foi possível a colheita de dados de dois períodos distintos: T1 - antes do tratamento ortodôntico e T2 - depois do tratamento ortodôntico. Dados recolhidos: idade, género, classificação de má oclusão segundo Angle, história de trauma dentário, lesões de cárie, restaurações, exodontias, dentes endodonciados, lesões periapicais e dentes ausentes.
Esses dados foram agrupados no software SPSS e submetidos a análise. Resultados: A
prevalência de dentes endodonciados em T1 foi de 12% e em T2 foi de 14%. A
percentagem de indivíduos com lesões de cárie dentária em T1 foi de 30% e em T2 de
15%. Já as frequências das restaurações dentárias em T1 foi de 56% e T2 de 66%. Quanto às lesões periapicais, obteve-se o resultado de 6% para ambos os tempos da amostra.
Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o tratamento ortodôntico com
aparelho fixo parece não induzir alterações morfológicas irreversíveis na polpa dentária.
Contudo, é recomendável que mais estudos sejam realizados com o objetivo de consolidar e aperfeiçoar estes conceitos.
Introduction: A dental pulp, when encountered with an aggressive factor, can develop degenerative reactions. These consequences are dependent on the type, frequency and intensity of the aggressive agent. Given that orthodontic treatment involves a process of bone resorption and neoformation, it leads to a dental tissues stress capable of inducing an inflammatory response in the dental pulp. Although research has shown that the use of orthodontic forces was able to trigger levels of tissue inflammation and cellular apoptosis, there is still conflict regarding this process. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of different lesions in patients treated orthodontically at the dental clinic of Egas Moniz University Institute.Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 100 files from treated patients from the Dental Clinic between the years 2015 and 2020. Through the files and panoramic radiographs analysis it was possible to collect data from two different periods: T1 - before orthodontic treatment and T2 - after orthodontic treatment. Data collected: age, gender, classification of malocclusion by Angle, dental trauma history, caries lesions, restorations, extractions, endodontic filled teeth, periapical lesions and missing teeth. The data was grouped in the SPSS software and submitted to an analysis. Results: The prevalence of endodontic filled teeth at T1 was 12% and at T2 it was 14%. The percentage of individuals with dental caries in T1 was 30% and in T2 it was 15%. The frequency of dental restorations at T1 was 56% and T2 at 66%. As for the lesions in the peri-apex, it was 6% for both times of the sample. Conclusion: The results revealed that orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances does not seem to induce irreversible morphological changes in the dental pulp. However, it is recommended that more studies be carried out in order to consolidate and improve these formed concepts.
Introduction: A dental pulp, when encountered with an aggressive factor, can develop degenerative reactions. These consequences are dependent on the type, frequency and intensity of the aggressive agent. Given that orthodontic treatment involves a process of bone resorption and neoformation, it leads to a dental tissues stress capable of inducing an inflammatory response in the dental pulp. Although research has shown that the use of orthodontic forces was able to trigger levels of tissue inflammation and cellular apoptosis, there is still conflict regarding this process. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of different lesions in patients treated orthodontically at the dental clinic of Egas Moniz University Institute.Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 100 files from treated patients from the Dental Clinic between the years 2015 and 2020. Through the files and panoramic radiographs analysis it was possible to collect data from two different periods: T1 - before orthodontic treatment and T2 - after orthodontic treatment. Data collected: age, gender, classification of malocclusion by Angle, dental trauma history, caries lesions, restorations, extractions, endodontic filled teeth, periapical lesions and missing teeth. The data was grouped in the SPSS software and submitted to an analysis. Results: The prevalence of endodontic filled teeth at T1 was 12% and at T2 it was 14%. The percentage of individuals with dental caries in T1 was 30% and in T2 it was 15%. The frequency of dental restorations at T1 was 56% and T2 at 66%. As for the lesions in the peri-apex, it was 6% for both times of the sample. Conclusion: The results revealed that orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances does not seem to induce irreversible morphological changes in the dental pulp. However, it is recommended that more studies be carried out in order to consolidate and improve these formed concepts.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Tratamento ortodôntico Dente endodonciado Prevalência Patologia pulpar