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Avaliação do efeito de distintas modalidades de podas no desenvolvimento e produtividade de canábis medicinal (Cannabis sativa L.)
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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação visa estudar o efeito de podas e sistemas de condução na
fenologia e produção de canábis medicinal, variedade ́Government Oasis ́. O estudo
decorreu na Herdade das Barrocas, de abril a setembro de 2023. O delineamento
experimental foi constituído por três blocos causalizados, com três métodos distintos
de poda (em eixo, em vaso e, em vaso com dobragem lateral dos lançamentos (super
cropping)), observando-se 6 plantas distintas em cada repetição/tipo de poda. O ensaio
foi repetido em 2 ciclos produtivos, o primeiro teve início em maio de 2023; o segundo
em junho de 2023. No total foram observadas 108 plantas observadas (de um total de
180 instaladas). As observações iniciaram-se com a entrada das plantas na estufa de
floração (às 4 semanas de crescimento vegetativo), prolongando-se até à colheita. Foi
estimado o tempo médio de preparação das plantas para cada tipo de poda e o peso dos
resíduos de podas. Para cada planta foram observados descritores de fenologia (data de
início de floração, plena floração) e observações quinzenais de descritores de produção
(altura da planta, n.o de lançamentos principais, n.o de lançamentos secundários) e
descritores de produção no final do ciclo (comprimento e largura das inflorescências,
biomassa de inflorescências). Os dados obtidos foram registados em base de dados e
submetidos a análise estatística (ANOVA). Houve diferença estatística significativa
(p<0,05) para todos os descritores considerados, excetuando o número de ramificações
secundárias. O método de condução em eixo teve o menor tempo de preparação (3,9
minutos/planta), menor biomassa de resíduos de poda (126,5 g/planta) e maior tamanho
da inflorescência (30,1 cm de comprimento e 7,3 cm de largura) com diferença estatística
significativa dos restantes métodos. A condução em eixo também obteve maior biomassa
de inflorescência (931,3g/planta), mas sem diferença estatística do método de condução
em vaso (911,8 g/planta). Concluiu-se que o método de condução em eixo principal foi
o mais adequado para a variedade ‘Goverment Oasis’ nas condições de produção da
Herdade das Barrocas, tendo o método de condução em vaso apresentado, também,
resultados interessantes. Pelo inverso, o método de dobragem lateral (super cropping)
produziu menor tamanho e biomassa de inflorescências, tendo exigido mais tempo de
preparação e maior quantidade de resíduos vegetais.
This dissertation aims to study the effect of pruning and training systems on the phenology and production of medicinal cannabis, variety 'Government Oasis'. The study took place at Herdade das Barrocas, from April to September 2023. The experimental design consisted of three randomized blocks, with three different pruning techniques (central leader system, open center system and lateral bending of the shoots (super cropping)), observing 6 different plants in each repetition/type of pruning. The essay was repeated in 2 cycles, the first started in May 2023; the second in June 2023. In total, 108 plants were observed (out of a total of 180 installed. The observations began with the entry of the plants into the flowering greenhouse (at 4 weeks of vegetative growth), lasting until harvest. The average plant preparation time and weight of pruning residues was estimated for each type of pruning. For each plant, phenology descriptors were observed (flowering start date, full flowering) and, at 2-weekly intervals, production descriptors (plant height, number of main branches, number of secondary branches) and production descriptors at the end of the cycle (length and width of inflorescences, inflorescence fresh biomass). The data were recorded in a database and subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA). There was a significant statistical difference (p<0.05) for all descriptors, except for the number of secondary branches. The central leader system method had the shortest preparation time (3,9 minutes/plant), lowest pruning residue biomass (126,5 g/plant) and largest inflorescence size (30,1 cm long and 7,3 cm wide) with a statistically significant difference from the other methods. The central leader system method also obtained higher inflorescence biomass (931,3g/plant), but without statistical difference from the open centre system method (911,8 g/plant). It was concluded that the central leader training method was the most suitable for the ‘Goverment Oasis’ variety under the production conditions of Herdade das Barrocas, with the open centre method also presenting interesting results. On the contrary, the lateral bending method (super cropping) produced smaller and lighter inflorescences, requiring more preparation time and a greater quantity of plant residues.
This dissertation aims to study the effect of pruning and training systems on the phenology and production of medicinal cannabis, variety 'Government Oasis'. The study took place at Herdade das Barrocas, from April to September 2023. The experimental design consisted of three randomized blocks, with three different pruning techniques (central leader system, open center system and lateral bending of the shoots (super cropping)), observing 6 different plants in each repetition/type of pruning. The essay was repeated in 2 cycles, the first started in May 2023; the second in June 2023. In total, 108 plants were observed (out of a total of 180 installed. The observations began with the entry of the plants into the flowering greenhouse (at 4 weeks of vegetative growth), lasting until harvest. The average plant preparation time and weight of pruning residues was estimated for each type of pruning. For each plant, phenology descriptors were observed (flowering start date, full flowering) and, at 2-weekly intervals, production descriptors (plant height, number of main branches, number of secondary branches) and production descriptors at the end of the cycle (length and width of inflorescences, inflorescence fresh biomass). The data were recorded in a database and subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA). There was a significant statistical difference (p<0.05) for all descriptors, except for the number of secondary branches. The central leader system method had the shortest preparation time (3,9 minutes/plant), lowest pruning residue biomass (126,5 g/plant) and largest inflorescence size (30,1 cm long and 7,3 cm wide) with a statistically significant difference from the other methods. The central leader system method also obtained higher inflorescence biomass (931,3g/plant), but without statistical difference from the open centre system method (911,8 g/plant). It was concluded that the central leader training method was the most suitable for the ‘Goverment Oasis’ variety under the production conditions of Herdade das Barrocas, with the open centre method also presenting interesting results. On the contrary, the lateral bending method (super cropping) produced smaller and lighter inflorescences, requiring more preparation time and a greater quantity of plant residues.
Description
Keywords
Biomassa Inflorescências Podas Sistemas de Condução Produtividade Biomass Inflorescences Productivity Pruning systems Pruning