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Programa de gestão da dor crónica baseado em mindfulness: Uma scoping review
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| 1.9 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Um dos grandes desafios associados à dor crónica é o seu impacto negativo
sobre os aspetos físicos e emocionais do indivíduo, frequentemente relacionados com
depressão, ansiedade e incapacidade física. A literatura indica que o Mindfulness é relevante
no controlo de dor crónica, existindo programas baseados neste conceito. Dessa forma,
verifica-se a necessidade de mapear os seus conteúdos e a sua estrutura.
Objetivo: Identificar, na literatura, os conteúdos e a estrutura de um programa com base na
atenção plena (Mindfulness) para o alívio da dor crónica.
Métodos: Realizou-se uma scoping review, orientada pelas guidelines do Instituto Joanna
Briggs e pelo PRISMA-ScR. A pesquisa foi realizada em bases de dados: MEDLINE® with Full
Text, CINAHL Complete, Academic Search Complete e Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
Collection (acesso via EBSCOhost Web). Os artigos identificados abordam programas e
intervenções de Mindfulness na gestão da dor crónica em adultos com idade superior a 18
anos, sem patologia psiquiátrica aguda diagnosticada. Incluíram-se estudos publicados até
2022, escritos em língua inglesa, portuguesa ou espanhola. Os dados foram extraídos a partir
de um instrumento desenvolvido pela investigadora, alinhado com o objetivo e as questões
de revisão. Foi realizada a síntese dos resultados sob a forma de representações visuais, em
formato narrativo e através de quadros.
Resultados: Foram incluídos 85 estudos a referir programas/intervenções de Gestão da Dor
Crónica baseados em Mindfulness, nos quais foi possível identificar 54 programas e 29
intervenções. Da análise verificada foi possível verificar a existência de 37 diferentes
estruturas, residindo esta diferença no número, na duração e no espaçamento entre sessões,
entre outros e a presença de 27 conteúdos distintos. Verificou-se, ainda, que todos os
programas e intervenções tiveram como referência o programa de Redução do Stresse
baseado em Mindfulness.
Conclusões: Com este estudo foi possível mapear os vários programas e as intervenções
existentes para a Gestão da Dor Crónica baseados em Mindfulness. A caracterização efetuada
permitiu perceber que todos os programas tiveram como referência o programa de Redução
do Stresse baseado em Mindfulness. Como tal, a grande maioria dos conteúdos existentes são provenientes do referido programa. Ao nível da estrutura, verificou-se uma grande
diversidade, a qual se reflete, sobretudo, ao nível da duração, da frequência e do
espaçamento entre sessões. Conclui-se, assim, que o número de programas existentes no
espaço internacional é reduzido. Esta evidência torna-se ainda mais relevante pelo facto de
que todos os programas e intervenções existentes seguem o mesmo modelo de referência.
Introduction: One of the great challenges associated with chronic pain is its negative impact on the physical and emotional aspects of the individual, often related to depression, anxiety and physical disability. Literature points out that Mindfulness is relevant in chronic pain control, and there are programs based on this concept. So, the need to map its contents and structure becomes relevant. Aim: Identify, in literature, the contents and structure of programs based on Mindfulness for the relief of chronic pain. Methods: A scoping review was carried out, using the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMAScR guidelines. The research was developed using scientific databases. The selected articles identify Mindfulness programs and interventions in the management of chronic pain in adults with more than 18 years, without diagnosed acute psychiatric pathology. Studies published, until 2022, written in English, Portuguese or Spanish, were included. The data were extracted from an instrument developed by the researcher, aligned with the objective and the review questions. Results were synthesized in the form of visual representations, in narrative format and tables. Results: Eighty-five studies referring to chronic pain management programs and interventions based on Mindfulness were included in this scoping review. 54 programs and 29 interventions were identified. From the analysis carried out it was possible to verify the existence of 37 different structures. These differences relied on the number and duration of the sessions, and frequency the between sessions, among others. 27 different contents were identified. It was possible to verify that all the programs and interventions were based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program. Conclusions: This study allowed to map the various existing programs and interventions for the management of chronic pain based on Mindfulness. The characterization carried out showed that all programs had the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program as a reference. As such, most of the existing contents come from that program. In terms of structure, there was a great diversity, which is reflected, above all, in terms of duration and frequency between sessions. It is concluded, therefore, that the number of existing programs in the international space is reduced. This evidence is even more relevant because all existing programs and interventions follow the same reference model.
Introduction: One of the great challenges associated with chronic pain is its negative impact on the physical and emotional aspects of the individual, often related to depression, anxiety and physical disability. Literature points out that Mindfulness is relevant in chronic pain control, and there are programs based on this concept. So, the need to map its contents and structure becomes relevant. Aim: Identify, in literature, the contents and structure of programs based on Mindfulness for the relief of chronic pain. Methods: A scoping review was carried out, using the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMAScR guidelines. The research was developed using scientific databases. The selected articles identify Mindfulness programs and interventions in the management of chronic pain in adults with more than 18 years, without diagnosed acute psychiatric pathology. Studies published, until 2022, written in English, Portuguese or Spanish, were included. The data were extracted from an instrument developed by the researcher, aligned with the objective and the review questions. Results were synthesized in the form of visual representations, in narrative format and tables. Results: Eighty-five studies referring to chronic pain management programs and interventions based on Mindfulness were included in this scoping review. 54 programs and 29 interventions were identified. From the analysis carried out it was possible to verify the existence of 37 different structures. These differences relied on the number and duration of the sessions, and frequency the between sessions, among others. 27 different contents were identified. It was possible to verify that all the programs and interventions were based on the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program. Conclusions: This study allowed to map the various existing programs and interventions for the management of chronic pain based on Mindfulness. The characterization carried out showed that all programs had the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program as a reference. As such, most of the existing contents come from that program. In terms of structure, there was a great diversity, which is reflected, above all, in terms of duration and frequency between sessions. It is concluded, therefore, that the number of existing programs in the international space is reduced. This evidence is even more relevant because all existing programs and interventions follow the same reference model.
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Keywords
Mindfulness Dor crónica Intervenção/Programa