Loading...
Publication
Treino de exercício na reabilitação da pessoa após covid-19 :
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.21 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nestes últimos dois anos, assistiu-se a uma grande mudança a nível mundial, devido
à descoberta do SARS-CoV-2 e do impacto da sua doença – a COVID-19.
Estudos revelam que 50 a 70% dos indivíduos hospitalizados por COVID-19 mantém
sintomatologia até 3 meses após a alta e que 25 a 50% dos indivíduos sem
internamento hospitalar apresenta sintomas passado um mês do diagnóstico.
Adicionalmente, foi demonstrada uma relação direta entre a severidade e quantidade
dos sintomas na fase aguda e as limitações funcionais após a infeção, demonstrando
que 20 a 30% das pessoas refere limitação nas AVD oito meses depois da infeção.
Tem sido crescente a evidência da reabilitação respiratória e motora, da pessoa após
COVID-19 devido ao seu impacto no desempenho das AVD e consequentemente na
qualidade de vida. Os cuidados de reabilitação à pessoa após COVID-19 têm como
objetivo aliviar da sintomatologia, melhorar a função motora e respiratória e o ensino
de estratégias de conservação de energia. A gestão da fadiga e da intolerância à
atividade podem ser alcançados através de treino de exercício gradual, estruturado,
individualizado e doseado. O treino de exercício deve contemplar, numa primeira fase,
atividades como exercícios respiratórios, treino de AVD (higiene, vestuário,
mobilidade), treino de flexibilidade, treino de equilíbrio e/ou a caminhada ligeira, como
preparação para o retorno ao exercício. Numa segunda fase, promove-se a atividade
física (AF) de baixa intensidade, através da realização de tarefas domésticas leves ou
de caminhadas. Posteriormente, desenvolve-se AF moderada e o treino de resistência
muscular pela inclusão de atividades prolongadas, rítmicas, utilizando os grandes
grupos musculares e de exercícios de resistência muscular. Por fim, integra-se o treino
funcional e do treino de coordenação. As intervenções autónomas do Enfermeiro
Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) nas funções motora e
respiratória junto da pessoa após COVID-19 têm uma evidência escassa, havendo a
necessidade da sua demarcação e a afirmação da sua pertinência.
Pretende-se com este relatório demonstrar de forma descritiva, analítica e reflexiva as
atividades realizadas no estágio, a fim de desenvolver as competências comuns de
Enfermeiro Especialista e específicas de EEER.
The last two years have seen a major change worldwide, due to the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of its disease – COVID-19. Studies reveal that 50 to 70% of individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 maintain symptoms for up to 3 months after discharge and that 25 to 50% of individuals without hospital admission have symptoms within a month of diagnosis. Additionally, a direct relationship was demonstrated between the severity and quantity of symptoms in the acute phase and functional limitations after infection, demonstrating that 20 to 30% of people report limitation in ADL eight months after infection. There has been increasing evidence of respiratory and motor rehabilitation of the person after COVID-19 due to its impact on the performance of ADL and consequently on the quality of life. Rehabilitation care for the person after COVID-19 aims to relieve symptoms, improve motor and respiratory function, and teach energy conservation strategies. The management of fatigue and activity intolerance can be achieved through gradual, structured, individualized, and dosed exercise training. Exercise training should initially include activities such as breathing exercises, ADL training (personal care, dressing, mobility), flexibility training, balance training and/or light walking, in preparation for returning to exercise. In a second phase, low-intensity PA is promoted through light household tasks or walking. Subsequently, moderate PA and muscular resistance training are developed through the inclusion of prolonged, rhythmic activities, using the large muscle groups and muscular resistance exercises. Finally, functional training and coordination training are integrated. The Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing independent interventions in motor and respiratory functions with the person after COVID-19 have little evidence, and there is a need for their distinction and the statement of their relevance. The aim of this report is to demonstrate in a descriptive, analytical, and reflective approach the activities developed in the internship, to improve the common skills of a Specialist Nurse and specific skills to Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing.
The last two years have seen a major change worldwide, due to the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of its disease – COVID-19. Studies reveal that 50 to 70% of individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 maintain symptoms for up to 3 months after discharge and that 25 to 50% of individuals without hospital admission have symptoms within a month of diagnosis. Additionally, a direct relationship was demonstrated between the severity and quantity of symptoms in the acute phase and functional limitations after infection, demonstrating that 20 to 30% of people report limitation in ADL eight months after infection. There has been increasing evidence of respiratory and motor rehabilitation of the person after COVID-19 due to its impact on the performance of ADL and consequently on the quality of life. Rehabilitation care for the person after COVID-19 aims to relieve symptoms, improve motor and respiratory function, and teach energy conservation strategies. The management of fatigue and activity intolerance can be achieved through gradual, structured, individualized, and dosed exercise training. Exercise training should initially include activities such as breathing exercises, ADL training (personal care, dressing, mobility), flexibility training, balance training and/or light walking, in preparation for returning to exercise. In a second phase, low-intensity PA is promoted through light household tasks or walking. Subsequently, moderate PA and muscular resistance training are developed through the inclusion of prolonged, rhythmic activities, using the large muscle groups and muscular resistance exercises. Finally, functional training and coordination training are integrated. The Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing independent interventions in motor and respiratory functions with the person after COVID-19 have little evidence, and there is a need for their distinction and the statement of their relevance. The aim of this report is to demonstrate in a descriptive, analytical, and reflective approach the activities developed in the internship, to improve the common skills of a Specialist Nurse and specific skills to Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem em reabilitação COVID-19 Reabilitação Exercício físico