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Promover o conforto da pessoa com enfarte agudo do miocárdio :
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O paradigma do cuidado holístico e individualizado à pessoa em situação crítica
requer, dos enfermeiros, uma conciliação harmoniosa entre a mestria da tecnologia e
a arte do cuidar. Através de um processo reflexivo, baseado na melhor evidência, será
possível planear uma intervenção de enfermagem humanizadora, para um “cuidar
com” a pessoa em situação crítica com enfarte agudo do miocárdio.
A maioria das pessoas internadas em unidades de cuidados intensivos e
serviços de urgência, nas quais se incluem a pessoa em situação crítica com enfarte
agudo do miocárdio, experienciam várias formas de desconforto, quer seja por dor,
ruído contínuo, iluminação artificial permanente, incapacidade em comunicar,
privação do sono, limitação à presença dos familiares ou a estimulação excessiva,
impondo ao enfermeiro a responsabilidade e consciencialização da importância de
uma gestão eficaz e adequada do conforto, com perspetiva à humanização dos
cuidados (Staveski, 2010; Rijkenberg, Stilma, Endeman, Bosman & Oudemans-van
Straaten, 2015).
Da complexidade que representa o cuidar humano, colocando a pessoa no
centro da sua intervenção, o conforto assume-se, assim, enquanto parte integrante
dos cuidados de Enfermagem.
Ancorado no tema Promover o Conforto da Pessoa com Enfarte Agudo do
Miocárdio: Intervenção Especializada do Enfermeiro, o presente relatório reflete o
percurso de aquisição de competências no âmbito da Unidade Curricular Estágio com
Relatório, do 9º Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem na Área de Especialização à
Pessoa em Situação Crítica, da Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa.
O percurso documentado decorreu dos estágios em serviço de urgência e
unidade de cuidados intensivos coronários, com o objetivo de desenvolver
competências na prestação de cuidados especializados de enfermagem à pessoa em
situação crítica, com particular enfoque na intervenção especializada do enfermeiro
na promoção do conforto da pessoa com enfarte agudo do miocárdio, tendo como
referencial teórico a Teoria do Conforto de Kolcaba (Kolcaba, 2003).
The paradigm of holistic and individualized care for people in critical situations requires, from nurses, a harmonious reconciliation between the mastery of technology and the art of care. Through a reflective process, based on the best evidence, it will be possible to plan a humanizing nursing intervention to “care for” the person in a critical situation with an acute myocardial infarction. Most people admitted to intensive care units and emergency services, which include the person in critical condition with acute myocardial infarction, experience various forms of discomfort, whether due to pain, continuous noise, continuous artificial lighting, disability in communicating, sleep deprivation, limiting the presence of family members or excessive stimulation, imposing on the nurse the responsibility and awareness of the importance of an effective and adequate management of comfort with a view to the humanization of care (Staveski, 2010; Rijkenberg, Stilma, Endeman, Bosman & Oudemans-van Straaten, 2015). From the complexity that human care represents, placing the person at the center of their intervention, comfort is thus assumed as an integral part of nursing care. Anchored in the theme Promoting the Comfort of Persons with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Specialized Intervention of the Nurse, this report reflects the trajectory of the acquisition of skills within the Curricular Unit Internship with Report, from the 9th Master's Course in Nursing in the Specialization Area to Person in Critical Situation, at the Lisbon Nursing School. The documented trajectory resulted from internships in emergency services and coronary intensive care unit, in order to develop skills in providing specialized nursing care to people in critical situations, with particular focus on the specialized intervention of nurses in promoting the comfort of people with acute myocardial infarction, having as theoretical reference the Kolcaba Comfort Theory (Kolcaba, 2003).
The paradigm of holistic and individualized care for people in critical situations requires, from nurses, a harmonious reconciliation between the mastery of technology and the art of care. Through a reflective process, based on the best evidence, it will be possible to plan a humanizing nursing intervention to “care for” the person in a critical situation with an acute myocardial infarction. Most people admitted to intensive care units and emergency services, which include the person in critical condition with acute myocardial infarction, experience various forms of discomfort, whether due to pain, continuous noise, continuous artificial lighting, disability in communicating, sleep deprivation, limiting the presence of family members or excessive stimulation, imposing on the nurse the responsibility and awareness of the importance of an effective and adequate management of comfort with a view to the humanization of care (Staveski, 2010; Rijkenberg, Stilma, Endeman, Bosman & Oudemans-van Straaten, 2015). From the complexity that human care represents, placing the person at the center of their intervention, comfort is thus assumed as an integral part of nursing care. Anchored in the theme Promoting the Comfort of Persons with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Specialized Intervention of the Nurse, this report reflects the trajectory of the acquisition of skills within the Curricular Unit Internship with Report, from the 9th Master's Course in Nursing in the Specialization Area to Person in Critical Situation, at the Lisbon Nursing School. The documented trajectory resulted from internships in emergency services and coronary intensive care unit, in order to develop skills in providing specialized nursing care to people in critical situations, with particular focus on the specialized intervention of nurses in promoting the comfort of people with acute myocardial infarction, having as theoretical reference the Kolcaba Comfort Theory (Kolcaba, 2003).
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Palavras-chave
Enfermagem de cuidados intensivos Enfarte do miocárdio Conforto do paciente Cuidados de enfermagem