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Apoio parental: percepções dos adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O apoio parental tem sido descrito como um factor relevante no processo de adesão ao regime terapêutico entre
adolescentes. Assim, consideramos pertinente conhecer os sentidos atribuídos pelos adolescentes às atitudes de
apoio parental, que se relacionam, quer com os autocuidados da diabetes, quer com a vida do adolescente em
geral.
Para a colheita de dados foi elaborado um questionário, nomeado “Questionário de Apoio Parental” (QAP) e
aplicado a uma amostra constituída por 87 adolescentes. O tratamento de dados foi feito através de uma Análise
em Componentes Principais (ACP) e de análise de conteúdo.
Dos resultados da ACP surgiram três dimensões de apoio parental: Apoio Emocional; Apoio Instrumental e
Controlo Parental.
Da análise de conteúdo, emergiram sentidos positivos e negativos, atribuídos às atitudes parentais, dependentes
da frequência com que as mesmas se manifestam. Dos sentidos positivos destacam-se a preocupação, o interesse
e a confiança parental. Dos sentidos negativos destacam-se a falta de confiança, a falta de autonomia e de privacidade,
o desinteresse, a falta de incentivo e falta de atenção.
Tomando como base o Modelo de Parceria de Cuidados (Casey, 1988), os resultados obtidos permitem a intervenção
com pais e adolescentes, no sentido de promover a adaptação da unidade familiar à doença. No mesmo
sentido, podem também ser prevenidos conflitos relacionados com o processo de adesão ao regime terapêutico,
bem como baixos níveis de adesão decorrentes de conflitos entre pais e adolescentes.
Parental role has been described as a relevant factor in compliance among adolescents. Having this fact in consideration, it is at the most relevant to understand the meaning and interpretation given by adolescents to the actions of parental support regarding self-care of diabetes and the life of adolescents in general. For the data collection was elaborated one Questionnaire named “Parental Support Questionnaire” (PSQ). The sample was composed of 87 adolescents and the data analysis consisted in a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and content analysis. From the results of PCA emerged three stages of Parental Support: Emotional Support; Instrumental Support; Parental Control. The results regarding the content analysis emerged positive and negative meanings associated with parental actions, independently of their frequencies. Concerning the positive meanings; worrying, interest and parental trustworthy. On the other hand in relation to the negative meanings, the ones that stand out were lack of trust, autonomy and privacy, not concerning, lack of incentive and attention. Supporting the clinical practice in the Partnership Model (Casey, 1988), these results permitted the intervention with parents and adolescents, promoting family adaptation to illness. In the same way, conflicts related to compliance may be prevented as well as low levels of compliance that may occur from conflicts between parents and adolescents.
Parental role has been described as a relevant factor in compliance among adolescents. Having this fact in consideration, it is at the most relevant to understand the meaning and interpretation given by adolescents to the actions of parental support regarding self-care of diabetes and the life of adolescents in general. For the data collection was elaborated one Questionnaire named “Parental Support Questionnaire” (PSQ). The sample was composed of 87 adolescents and the data analysis consisted in a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and content analysis. From the results of PCA emerged three stages of Parental Support: Emotional Support; Instrumental Support; Parental Control. The results regarding the content analysis emerged positive and negative meanings associated with parental actions, independently of their frequencies. Concerning the positive meanings; worrying, interest and parental trustworthy. On the other hand in relation to the negative meanings, the ones that stand out were lack of trust, autonomy and privacy, not concerning, lack of incentive and attention. Supporting the clinical practice in the Partnership Model (Casey, 1988), these results permitted the intervention with parents and adolescents, promoting family adaptation to illness. In the same way, conflicts related to compliance may be prevented as well as low levels of compliance that may occur from conflicts between parents and adolescents.
Description
Keywords
Adolescência Diabetes Mellitus tipo1 Parentalidade
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto