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Prevenção de Desenvolvimento de Lesões na Pele Decorrentes do Posicionamento Cirúrgico em Decúbito Ventral e Posição Litotómica
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Abstract(s)
O presente documento foi elaborado no âmbito do Estágio de Natureza Profissional integrado no
plano de estudos do Primeiro Mestrado em Enfermagem Médico-cirúrgica na Área de
Enfermagem à Pessoa em Situação Perioperatória da Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto,
no período letivo 2022/2023. Pretende documentar, descrever e analisar, as atividades
desenvolvidas e o contributo da componente clínica para o desenvolvimento pessoal e
profissional, no âmbito da aquisição e desenvolvimento de competências de enfermagem
especializadas, tanto no que diz respeito às competências comuns do enfermeiro especialista
como às competências de enfermagem especializadas na Área de Enfermagem à Pessoa em
Situação Perioperatória, nomeadamente nos domínios da prática profissional, ética e legal,
prestação e gestão de cuidados, bem como no da investigação, analisando o nível de
concretização dos objetivos e as competências desenvolvidas.
O Estágio de Natureza Profissional desenvolveu-se em contexto clínico no Bloco Operatório
Central e Bloco Operatório de Especialidades de um Hospital da Região Norte. Foi neste
contexto que se foram aprofundando competências, nomeadamente clínicas, num quadro de
aplicação e de partilha de experiências e de conhecimentos, num percurso contínuo de
aprendizagem. Este contexto foi escolhido, principalmente, pela oportunidade de vivenciar
experiências da prática profissional diferentes do contexto de trabalho habitual, que é a área da
cirurgia oncológica. Procurou-se, ao longo deste percurso, a concretização do máximo de
experiências clínicas através das quais houve oportunidade de desenvolvimento de
aprendizagens profissionais diferenciadas.
Refletindo sobre a segurança e qualidade dos cuidados, nomeadamente a segurança da pessoa
em situação perioperatória, na realização de um posicionamento seguro e no estabelecimento
de procedimentos relativos à mobilização e ao posicionamento cirúrgico que garantam o
conforto e previnam complicações, foi desenvolvido o projeto na área da “Prevenção de lesões
na pele decorrentes do posicionamento cirúrgico em decúbito ventral e posição litotómica”.
Concretizou-se através da avaliação dos clientes que necessitavam destes posicionamentos
para a realização dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, com recurso à aplicação da Escala de Avaliação
de Risco Para o Desenvolvimento de Lesões Decorrentes do Posicionamento Cirúrgico ELPO-PT,
e implementação de intervenções de enfermagem mediante essa avaliação. No que diz respeito
à componente de investigação, foi realizada uma “scoping review”, de acordo com a
metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute, sobre esta temática, que permitiu aumentar o
conhecimento baseado na melhor evidência nesta área, assim como inferir dados, diagnósticos
e intervenções de enfermagem, e efetuar um padrão de documentação dos cuidados para clientes submetidos a estes posicionamentos cirúrgicos
This document was prepared within the scope of the Professional Internship integrated into the study plan of the First Master's Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Area of Nursing for People in Perioperative Situations at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, in the academic period 2022/2023. It aims to document, describe and analyze the activities developed and the contribution of the clinical component to personal and professional development, within the scope of the acquisition and development of specialized nursing skills, both with regard to the common skills of the specialist nurse and the skills of specialized nurses in the area of Nursing for People in Perioperative Situations, namely in the areas of professional, ethical and legal practice, provision and management of care, as well as research, analyzing the level of achievement of objectives and the skills developed. The Professional Internship took place in a clinical context in the Central Operating Room and Specialties Operating Room of a Hospital in the Northern Region. It was in this context that skills were deepened, particularly clinical ones, within a framework of application and sharing of experiences and knowledge, in a continuous learning path. This context was chosen mainly for the opportunity to experience professional practice experiences that are different from the usual work context, which is the area of oncological surgery. Throughout this journey, we seek to achieve as many clinical experiences as possible, through which there was an opportunity to develop differentiated professional learning. Reflecting on the safety and quality of care, namely the safety of the person in the perioperative situation, in carrying out safe positioning and in establishing procedures related to mobilization and surgical positioning that guarantee comfort and prevent complications, the project was developed in the area “Prevention of skin injuries resulting from surgical positioning in the prone position and lithotomy position”. It took place through the assessment of clients who needed these positions to carry out surgical procedures, using the Risk Assessment Scale for the Development of Injuries Resulting from Surgical Positioning ELPO-PT and implementing nursing interventions based on this assessment. With regard to the research component, a “scoping review” was carried out in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology on this topic, which allowed increasing knowledge based on the best evidence in this area, as well as inferring data, diagnoses and nursing interventions and provide a standard of care documentation for clients undergoing these surgical placements
This document was prepared within the scope of the Professional Internship integrated into the study plan of the First Master's Degree in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Area of Nursing for People in Perioperative Situations at the Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, in the academic period 2022/2023. It aims to document, describe and analyze the activities developed and the contribution of the clinical component to personal and professional development, within the scope of the acquisition and development of specialized nursing skills, both with regard to the common skills of the specialist nurse and the skills of specialized nurses in the area of Nursing for People in Perioperative Situations, namely in the areas of professional, ethical and legal practice, provision and management of care, as well as research, analyzing the level of achievement of objectives and the skills developed. The Professional Internship took place in a clinical context in the Central Operating Room and Specialties Operating Room of a Hospital in the Northern Region. It was in this context that skills were deepened, particularly clinical ones, within a framework of application and sharing of experiences and knowledge, in a continuous learning path. This context was chosen mainly for the opportunity to experience professional practice experiences that are different from the usual work context, which is the area of oncological surgery. Throughout this journey, we seek to achieve as many clinical experiences as possible, through which there was an opportunity to develop differentiated professional learning. Reflecting on the safety and quality of care, namely the safety of the person in the perioperative situation, in carrying out safe positioning and in establishing procedures related to mobilization and surgical positioning that guarantee comfort and prevent complications, the project was developed in the area “Prevention of skin injuries resulting from surgical positioning in the prone position and lithotomy position”. It took place through the assessment of clients who needed these positions to carry out surgical procedures, using the Risk Assessment Scale for the Development of Injuries Resulting from Surgical Positioning ELPO-PT and implementing nursing interventions based on this assessment. With regard to the research component, a “scoping review” was carried out in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology on this topic, which allowed increasing knowledge based on the best evidence in this area, as well as inferring data, diagnoses and nursing interventions and provide a standard of care documentation for clients undergoing these surgical placements
Description
Keywords
Competências especializadas em enfermagem Posicionamento cirúrgico em decúbito ventral ou posição litotómica Prevenção de lesões na pele Lesão por pressão. Relatório de estágio