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A gestão do stresse, ansiedade e/ou dor nos procedimentos invasivos em crianças com doença oncológica
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No diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças oncológicas, as crianças/ adolescentes são submetidos a múltiplos procedimentos invasivos, que são geradores de stresse, ansiedade e/ou dor. Os enfermeiros têm um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento de cuidados atraumáticos que minimizem as experiências negativas em pediatria. Este estudo que tem como principal objetivo conhecer a experiência dos enfermeiros na gestão do stresse, ansiedade e/ou dor nos procedimentos invasivos em crianças com doença oncológica, sendo a sua finalidade contribuir para um maior conhecimento e capacitação dos enfermeiros na promoção do conforto e gestão do stresse, ansiedade e/ou dor associada aos procedimentos invasivos em idade pediátrica.
Foi desenvolvido um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e transversal, no qual participaram 11 enfermeiros a exercer funções num serviço de pediatria oncológica de dois hospitais do Norte do país. Os dados foram recolhidos através de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados segundo a técnica de análise de temática. Da análise dos dados emergiram quatro temas: Procedimentos realizados em pediatria oncológica; Desafios na Realização de Procedimentos Invasivos em Pediatria Oncológica; Estratégias de gestão de stresse, ansiedade e dor; Necessidades identificadas pelos enfermeiros.
Com a realização deste estudo foi possível compreender os principais desafios que os enfermeiros enfrentam na realização de procedimentos invasivos. Os participantes identificaram fatores que afetam a forma como as crianças/adolescentes reagem aos procedimentos, tais como a faixa etária e estádio de desenvolvimento, e fatores relacionados com a presença/papel dos pais, que podem atuar como facilitadores ou dificultadores na gestão do stresse, ansiedade e/ou dor. Foram descritas várias dificuldades na implementação de cuidados atraumáticos, nomeadamente lacunas a nível de formação, e inexistência de recursos de apoio aos cuidados tais como material lúdico e dispositivos de realidade virtual. Contudo, os resultados revelam que, mesmo perante estas dificuldades, os enfermeiros conseguem utilizar inúmeras estratégias para melhorar a prestação de cuidados.
In the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases, children/adolescents are subjected to multiple invasive procedures, which generate stress, anxiety and/or pain. Nurses have a fundamental role in developing atraumatic care that minimizes negative experiences in pediatrics. This study's main objective is to understand the experience of nurses in managing stress, anxiety and/or pain in invasive procedures in children with cancer, and its purpose is to contribute to greater knowledge and training of nurses in promoting comfort and managing stress, anxiety and/or pain associated with invasive procedures in pediatric age. A qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was developed, in which 11 nurses working in a pediatric oncology service at two hospitals in the North of the country participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed according to the thematic analysis technique. From the analysis of the data, four themes emerged: Procedures performed in pediatric oncology; Challenges in Performing Invasive Procedures in Pediatric Oncology; Stress, anxiety and pain management strategies; Needs identified by nurses. By carrying out this study, it was possible to understand the main challenges that nurses face when carrying out invasive procedures. Participants identified factors that affect how children/adolescents react to procedures, such as age range and stage of development, and factors related to the presence/role of parents, which can act as facilitators or hindrances in managing stress, anxiety and/or pain. Several difficulties were described in the implementation of atraumatic care, namely gaps in training and the lack of resources to support care such as play material and virtual reality devices. However, the results reveal that, even in the face of these difficulties, nurses are able to use numerous strategies to improve the provision of care.
In the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases, children/adolescents are subjected to multiple invasive procedures, which generate stress, anxiety and/or pain. Nurses have a fundamental role in developing atraumatic care that minimizes negative experiences in pediatrics. This study's main objective is to understand the experience of nurses in managing stress, anxiety and/or pain in invasive procedures in children with cancer, and its purpose is to contribute to greater knowledge and training of nurses in promoting comfort and managing stress, anxiety and/or pain associated with invasive procedures in pediatric age. A qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was developed, in which 11 nurses working in a pediatric oncology service at two hospitals in the North of the country participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed according to the thematic analysis technique. From the analysis of the data, four themes emerged: Procedures performed in pediatric oncology; Challenges in Performing Invasive Procedures in Pediatric Oncology; Stress, anxiety and pain management strategies; Needs identified by nurses. By carrying out this study, it was possible to understand the main challenges that nurses face when carrying out invasive procedures. Participants identified factors that affect how children/adolescents react to procedures, such as age range and stage of development, and factors related to the presence/role of parents, which can act as facilitators or hindrances in managing stress, anxiety and/or pain. Several difficulties were described in the implementation of atraumatic care, namely gaps in training and the lack of resources to support care such as play material and virtual reality devices. However, the results reveal that, even in the face of these difficulties, nurses are able to use numerous strategies to improve the provision of care.
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Criança Cancro Enfermagem Procedimentos invasivos Gestão da dor