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Publication
Colocação de implantes dentários em doentes com osteoporose
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| 1.62 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A reabilitação com implantes dentários é atualmente a opção preferida para reabilitar a maxila e/ou mandíbula, sendo que anteriormente a reabilitação era feita com próteses do tipo removível ou fixa. No entanto, apesar de elevadas taxas de sobrevivência implantar, não é isento de complicações.
O sucesso clínico dos implantes depende da osteointegração (união direta entre o osso e a superfície do implante) que por sua vez é influenciada, entre outros fatores, pela densidade óssea. Assim, para que a colocação do implante seja um sucesso é importante que se sigam determinados procedimentos antes de ser colocado:
• História clínica/anamnese do doente;
• Avaliação de potenciais fatores de risco;
• Exames complementares de diagnóstico (ortopantomografia, TAC): avaliação da espessura e altura óssea disponível para os implantes;
• Exame intra-oral. O insucesso de implantes não está relacionado com o sexo ou a idade, mas é importante ter em conta a condição do doente, uma vez que certas patologias podem comprometer o contato do implante com o osso, como seja a osteoporose.
A osteoporose é caracterizada por uma diminuição da densidade óssea e redução da capacidade regenerativa do osso, representando um potencial fator de risco para a reabilitação com implantes dentários.
Os diversos estudos analisados permitem concluir que a reabilitação com implantes dentários continua a ser uma opção de tratamento viável para os doentes com osteoporose. No entanto, é necessária a existência de mais estudos, mais homogéneos, com maior número de participantes e com um tempo de seguimento superior para fornecer informações em longo prazo.
Rehabilitation with dental implants is currently the preferred option to rehabilitate the jaw and/or mandibula, and previously rehabilitation was performed with removable or fixed prostheses. However, although high rates of implanar survival have been reported complications related to dental implants. The clinical success of implants depends on osteointegration (direct union between bone and implant surface) which in turn is influenced, among other factors, by bone density. Thus, in order for implant placement to be a success, it is important to follow certain procedures before being placed: • Clinical history/anamnesis of the patient; • Assessment of potential risk factors; • Complementary diagnostic tests (orthopantomography, CT): evaluation of the thickness and bone height available for implants; • Intraoral examination. The failure of implants is not related to sex or age, but it is important to take into account the condition of the patient, since certain diseases may compromise the contact of the implant with the bone. Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone density and reduced regenerative bone capacity, representing a potential risk factor for rehabilitation with dental implants. The various studies analyzed allow us to conclude that rehabilitation with dental implants remains a viable treatment option for patients with osteoporosis. However, more studies are needed, more homogeneous, with a greater number of participants and with a higher follow-up time to provide long-term information.
Rehabilitation with dental implants is currently the preferred option to rehabilitate the jaw and/or mandibula, and previously rehabilitation was performed with removable or fixed prostheses. However, although high rates of implanar survival have been reported complications related to dental implants. The clinical success of implants depends on osteointegration (direct union between bone and implant surface) which in turn is influenced, among other factors, by bone density. Thus, in order for implant placement to be a success, it is important to follow certain procedures before being placed: • Clinical history/anamnesis of the patient; • Assessment of potential risk factors; • Complementary diagnostic tests (orthopantomography, CT): evaluation of the thickness and bone height available for implants; • Intraoral examination. The failure of implants is not related to sex or age, but it is important to take into account the condition of the patient, since certain diseases may compromise the contact of the implant with the bone. Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone density and reduced regenerative bone capacity, representing a potential risk factor for rehabilitation with dental implants. The various studies analyzed allow us to conclude that rehabilitation with dental implants remains a viable treatment option for patients with osteoporosis. However, more studies are needed, more homogeneous, with a greater number of participants and with a higher follow-up time to provide long-term information.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Implantes dentários Osteoporose Osteointegração