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Avaliação da taxa de sucesso de implantes de zircónia : revisão narrativa
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Abstract(s)
O recurso à utilização de implantes dentários para a reabilitação de espaços edêntulos já é um conceito que provém dos anos 60 e tem vindo a ser uma bastante viável até aos dias que correm.
O material considerado padrão para o fabrico destes implantes é o titânio, visto que apresenta propriedades favoráveis para o sucesso do implante, porém, também apresenta algumas desvantagens, principalmente no que se refere às componentes estética e biológica.
A comunidade científica trabalhou para solucionar estes problemas e toda ela convergiu para a ideia do fabrico de implantes cerâmicos.
Os primeiros implantes cerâmicos a serem introduzidos foram os de óxido de alumínio (no fim da década de 60), mas rapidamente se tornaram inviáveis uma vez que apresentavam desfechos bastante negativos maioritariamente devido às propriedades físicas.
Posteriormente começaram a ser fabricados os implantes cerâmicos de zircónia, mais especificamente de óxido de zircónio. Este material ganhou bastante popularidade no mundo da implantologia dentária, já que apresentava propriedades mecânicas e biológicas bem mais favoráveis que o óxido de alumínio.
No entanto, como em todos os materiais, os implantes de zircónia também apresentam vantagens e desvantagens que precisam de ser tidas em conta aquando da sua utilização cirúrgica.
Em suma, os implantes de zircónia apresentam propriedades que os tornam uma alternativa igualmente viável aos outros tipos de implantes existentes no mercado, contudo são necessários mais estudos que fundamentem e apoiem a sua utilização por toda a comunidade de implantologia dentária.
The use of dental implants for the rehabilitation of edentulous spaces has been a concept originating in the 1960s and remains a highly viable option to this day. Titanium has long been considered the standard material for the manufacture of these implants due to its favourable properties for implant success. However, it also presents certain disadvantages, particularly concerning aesthetic and biological factors. The scientific community has worked extensively to address these issues, leading to a consensus on the development of ceramic implants. The first ceramic implants to be introduced were made of aluminium oxide (in the late 1960s), but they quickly became impractical due to their predominantly negative outcomes, largely stemming from their physical properties. Subsequently, zirconia ceramic implants, more specifically made from zirconium oxide, were developed. This material gained significant popularity in the field of dental implantology, as it exhibited far more favorable mechanical and biological properties than aluminium oxide. Nonetheless, as with all materials, zirconia implants come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages, which must be carefully considered during surgical application. In conclusion, zirconia implants possess properties that make them a viable alternative to other types of implants available on the market. However, further studies are required to substantiate and support their widespread use within the dental implantology community.
The use of dental implants for the rehabilitation of edentulous spaces has been a concept originating in the 1960s and remains a highly viable option to this day. Titanium has long been considered the standard material for the manufacture of these implants due to its favourable properties for implant success. However, it also presents certain disadvantages, particularly concerning aesthetic and biological factors. The scientific community has worked extensively to address these issues, leading to a consensus on the development of ceramic implants. The first ceramic implants to be introduced were made of aluminium oxide (in the late 1960s), but they quickly became impractical due to their predominantly negative outcomes, largely stemming from their physical properties. Subsequently, zirconia ceramic implants, more specifically made from zirconium oxide, were developed. This material gained significant popularity in the field of dental implantology, as it exhibited far more favorable mechanical and biological properties than aluminium oxide. Nonetheless, as with all materials, zirconia implants come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages, which must be carefully considered during surgical application. In conclusion, zirconia implants possess properties that make them a viable alternative to other types of implants available on the market. However, further studies are required to substantiate and support their widespread use within the dental implantology community.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Implantes dentários Implantes de zircónia Taxa de sucesso complicações