Loading...
Publication
Barreiras e Facilitadores para a adesão a uma prática regular de exercício físico em pessoas com Osteoartrose: um estudo qualitativo
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.12 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A Osteoartrose é a doença articular mais comum e representa um sério
problema de saúde pública. Programas de exercício podem reduzir a dor, melhorar a
função física e qualidade de vida e aumentar a autoeficácia em pessoas com
Osteoartrose da anca e/ou do joelho (OAAJ), no entanto, verifica-se uma baixa adesão
ao exercício físico por parte destas pessoas. O programa Split.OA pretende dar resposta
às necessidades da população portuguesa com OAAJ, através de um programa de
exercício estruturado. Maximizar a adesão pode ditar o sucesso do programa e, para
implementar estratégias que promovam a adesão à prática de exercício físico a curto e
longo-prazo, é importante explorar os determinantes que as pessoas com OAAJ
consideram influenciar esta prática.
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é explorar as barreiras e os facilitadores de pessoas
com OAAJ para a adesão à prática de exercício físico e à componente de exercício
autónoma do Split.OA, através dos modelos Capacidade, Oportunidade, Motivação –
Comportamento (COM-B) e do Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF).
Metodologia: Realizaram-se dois grupos focais com um total de 12 pessoas com
OAAJ, baseados num guião de entrevista semiestruturado e informado pelos modelos
COM-B e TDF. Os grupos focais foram realizados através de videoconferência pela
plataforma digital ZOOM Meetings, gravados em formato audiovisual e,
posteriormente, transcritos verbatim. Este estudo é qualitativo descritivo e foi utilizada
uma abordagem dedutiva de análise de dados, por dois investigadores independentes,
através dos modelos COM-B e TDF. A análise foi apoiada por uma investigadora com
formação na área da mudança comportamental. O estudo é reportado com base no
Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).
Resultados: Com a análise dos grupos focais, foram identificadas 18 barreiras e 28
facilitadores, mapeadas em conformidade com as 6 componentes do COM-B e os
domínios do TDF (11 domínios nas barreiras e 14 domínios nos facilitadores), que
podem ser determinantes na adesão ao exercício físico das pessoas com OAAJ.
Conclusão: Barreiras como a sintomatologia, dificuldade em praticar exercício sem um
plano de ação e necessitar da presença do Fisioterapeuta são comummente referidas
pelos participantes dos grupos focais como obstáculos à prática de exercício. A
experiência anterior positiva com o exercício, a crença sobre as capacidades de aderir ao
exercício a longo-prazo e gostar de exercício físico são referidos pelos participantes
como facilitadores para a adesão ao exercício físico. Estas barreiras e facilitadores
podem informar estratégias de mudança comportamental para otimizar intervenções,
com foco na adesão ao exercício físico e prevenção do declínio funcional em pessoas
com OAAJ, como o programa Split.OA.
Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and represents a serious public health problem. Exercise programs can reduce pain, improve physical function and quality of life, and increase self-efficacy in people with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee (HKOA), however, there is low adherence to physical exercise on the part of these people. The Split.OA program aims to respond to the needs of the portuguese population with HKOA, through an structured exercise program. Maximizing adherence can dictate the success of the program and, to implement strategies that promote adherence to physical exercise in the short and long term, it is important to explore the determinants that people with HKOA consider important in this practice. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the barriers and facilitators of people with HKOA to adherence to physical exercice and to the autonomous physical exercise component of Split.OA, through the Capacity, Opportunity, Motivation – Behavior (COM-B) and the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF). Methodology: Two focus groups were held with a total of 12 people with HKOA, based on a semi-structured interview guide and informed by the COM-B and TDF models. The focus groups were held via videoconference via digital platform ZOOM Meetings, recorded in audiovisual format and transcribed verbatim. This study is qualitative descriptive and a deductive approach to data analysis was used, by two independent researchers, using the COM-B and TDF models. The analysis was complemented by a researcher trained in behavioral change. The study is reported based on the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Results: With the analysis of the focus groups, 18 barriers and 28 facilitators were identified, mapped in accordance with the 6 components of COM-B and the TDF domains (11 domains in the barriers and 14 domains in the facilitators), which can be decisive in the adherence to physical exercise of people with OAAJ. Conclusion: Barriers such as symptoms, difficulty in exercising without an action plan and needing the presence of a physiotherapist are commonly referred to by focus group participants as obstacles to physical exercise. Previous positive experience with exercise, belief in the ability to adhere to exercise in the long term and enjoying physical exercise are mentioned by participants as facilitators for adherence to physical exercise. These barriers and facilitators can drive behavioral change strategies to optimize interventions focused on adherence to physical exercise and preventing functional decline in people with OAAJ, such as the Split.OA program.
Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and represents a serious public health problem. Exercise programs can reduce pain, improve physical function and quality of life, and increase self-efficacy in people with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee (HKOA), however, there is low adherence to physical exercise on the part of these people. The Split.OA program aims to respond to the needs of the portuguese population with HKOA, through an structured exercise program. Maximizing adherence can dictate the success of the program and, to implement strategies that promote adherence to physical exercise in the short and long term, it is important to explore the determinants that people with HKOA consider important in this practice. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the barriers and facilitators of people with HKOA to adherence to physical exercice and to the autonomous physical exercise component of Split.OA, through the Capacity, Opportunity, Motivation – Behavior (COM-B) and the Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF). Methodology: Two focus groups were held with a total of 12 people with HKOA, based on a semi-structured interview guide and informed by the COM-B and TDF models. The focus groups were held via videoconference via digital platform ZOOM Meetings, recorded in audiovisual format and transcribed verbatim. This study is qualitative descriptive and a deductive approach to data analysis was used, by two independent researchers, using the COM-B and TDF models. The analysis was complemented by a researcher trained in behavioral change. The study is reported based on the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Results: With the analysis of the focus groups, 18 barriers and 28 facilitators were identified, mapped in accordance with the 6 components of COM-B and the TDF domains (11 domains in the barriers and 14 domains in the facilitators), which can be decisive in the adherence to physical exercise of people with OAAJ. Conclusion: Barriers such as symptoms, difficulty in exercising without an action plan and needing the presence of a physiotherapist are commonly referred to by focus group participants as obstacles to physical exercise. Previous positive experience with exercise, belief in the ability to adhere to exercise in the long term and enjoying physical exercise are mentioned by participants as facilitators for adherence to physical exercise. These barriers and facilitators can drive behavioral change strategies to optimize interventions focused on adherence to physical exercise and preventing functional decline in people with OAAJ, such as the Split.OA program.
Description
Keywords
Osteoartrose da Anca e/ou do Joelho Exercício Adesão Barreiras Facilitadores Mudança comportamental Modelos teóricos Investigação qualitativa Hip and/or Knee Osteoarthritis Exercise Adherence Barriers Facilitators Behavioral change Theoretical models Qualitative research