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Revisão sistemática de literatura: hábitos de exercício físico e de comportamento sedentário em pessoas com doença oncológica: impacto em indicadores de saúde
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O aumento da prevalência de cancro tem
levado à necessidade analisar os fatores que podem
contribuir para o seu tratamento. Entre estes, encontra-se o
estilo de vida, existindo cada vez mais evidência sobre os
benefícios do exercício físico (EF) e os riscos do
sedentarismo para os doentes com cancro. A avaliação e a
monitorização objetiva destes indicadores constituem um
desafio, sendo fundamental para a definição e
caracterização da dose de exercício na população
oncológica. Objetivos: Considerando o exposto, o
principal objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os hábitos de
EF e o Comportamento Sedentário em Pessoas com
Doença oncológica e o seu impacto em Indicadores de
Saúde (IS), tais como fadiga, qualidade de sono,
funcionalidade geral e mobilidade, progressão da doença,
tolerância aos tratamentos, nível de dor e outros. Por outro
lado e como objetivo secundário, identificar a dose de
exercício físico realizado por pessoas com Doença
oncológica e analisar as potenciais alterações nos IS.
Método: Foram utilizadas como fontes de pesquisa as
bases de dados Web of Science e Pubmed, tendo sido
efetuadas 2 pesquisas em separado: uma direcionada para a
prática de EF e outra para o estudo do comportamento
sedentário, ambas em pessoas com doença oncológica.
Utilizou-se o modelo PRISMA através do qual foram
filtrados artigos com um desenho exclusivamente com
grupos de controlo e/ou de comparação com intervenção de
exercício físico ou com comportamento sedentário
publicados nos últimos 10 anos. O mesmo autor fez a
revisão de 253 artigos, dos quais nove cumpriram os
critérios de elegibilidade do presente estudo. Resultados:
O exercício promove adaptações benéficas na aptidão
física e nos dados clínicos em diferentes tipos de cancro. A
inclusão do método HIIT em programas de EF combinado,
promoveu aumentos significativos no Vo2pico. O EF com
intensidade moderada a vigorosa parece ser o mais
adequado para melhorar a fadiga, depressão, qualidade de
sono, incapacidade funcional, redução de níveis de
inflamação (citocinas), bem como atenuar outras alterações
prejudiciais relacionadas com o cancro. A redução do
comportamento sedentário, melhorou igualmente a fadiga,
depressão e a qualidade de sono. Em estudos futuros
importa dar resposta às lacunas relativas a: referencial da
FC utilizado para a prescrição de EF; caracterização completa da dose de EF aplicada, mais evidente no EF de
força; fármacos utilizados; motivo da desistência dos
participantes e método de recolha dos dados de EF.
Conclusões: A prática de EF promove melhorias
significativas nos diversos indicadores de saúde em
indivíduos sobreviventes com diferentes tipos de cancro.
De uma forma global, estes benefícios parecem ser
atingidos com intervenções de EF com intensidades
moderadas a vigorosas, seja EF exclusivamente aeróbio ou
combinado, com frequência de 3-6 dias por semana,
salientando que o treino combinado com intensidades
moderadas permite obter redução de indicadores
inflamatórios gerais (citocinas). A alteração do
comportamento sedentário, alem dos benefícios na aptidão
física, regista uma melhoria na qualidade de vida. Esta área
do conhecimento necessita de mais investigação e com
maior rigor para especificar a dose de EF e o efeito de
dose-resposta em diferentes tipos de doença oncológica.
Introduction: The increase in the prevalence of cancer has led to the need to analyze the factors that can contribute to its treatment. Among these is lifestyle, with increasing evidence on the benefits of physical exercise (PE) and the risks of a sedentary lifestyle for cancer patients. The evaluation and objective monitoring of these indicators constitute a challenge, being fundamental for the definition and characterization of the exercise dose in the cancer population. Objectives: Considering the above, the main objective of this work is to analyze PE habits and Sedentary Behavior in People with Oncological Disease and their impact on Health Indicators (SI), such as fatigue, sleep quality, general functionality and mobility , disease progression, tolerance to treatments, level of pain and others. On the other hand, and as a secondary objective, to identify the dose of physical exercise performed by people with oncological disease and to analyze potential changes in IS. Method: The Web of Science and Pubmed databases were used as research sources, with 2 separate searches being carried out: one directed to the practice of PE and the other to the study of sedentary behavior, both in people with oncological disease. The PRISMA model was used, through which articles were filtered with a design exclusively with control and/or comparison groups with physical exercise intervention or with sedentary behavior published in the last 10 years. The same author reviewed 253 articles, of which nine met the eligibility criteria of the present study. Results: Exercise promotes beneficial adaptations in physical fitness and clinical data in different types of cancer. The inclusion of the HIIT method in combined PE programs promoted significant increases in Vo2peak. PE with moderate to vigorous intensity seems to be the most suitable for improving fatigue, depression, sleep quality, functional disability, reducing inflammation levels (cytokines), as well as attenuating other harmful changes related to cancer. The reduction in sedentary behavior also improved fatigue, depression and sleep quality. In future studies, it is important to respond to the gaps related to: the HR reference used for the prescription of PE; complete characterization of the applied PE dose, more evident in the strength PE; drugs used; reason for the withdrawal of participants and method of data collection for PE. Conclusions: The practice of PE promotes significant improvements in different health indicators in survivors with different types of cancer. Overall, these benefits seem to be achieved with PE interventions at moderate to vigorous intensities, whether exclusively aerobic or combined PE, with a frequency of 3-6 days a week, emphasizing that combined training with moderate intensities allows for a reduction in indicators general inflammatory agents (cytokines). The change in sedentary behavior, in addition to the benefits in physical fitness, registers an improvement in quality of life. This area of knowledge needs further investigation and with greater rigor to specify the PE dose and the dose-response effect in different types of oncological disease.
Introduction: The increase in the prevalence of cancer has led to the need to analyze the factors that can contribute to its treatment. Among these is lifestyle, with increasing evidence on the benefits of physical exercise (PE) and the risks of a sedentary lifestyle for cancer patients. The evaluation and objective monitoring of these indicators constitute a challenge, being fundamental for the definition and characterization of the exercise dose in the cancer population. Objectives: Considering the above, the main objective of this work is to analyze PE habits and Sedentary Behavior in People with Oncological Disease and their impact on Health Indicators (SI), such as fatigue, sleep quality, general functionality and mobility , disease progression, tolerance to treatments, level of pain and others. On the other hand, and as a secondary objective, to identify the dose of physical exercise performed by people with oncological disease and to analyze potential changes in IS. Method: The Web of Science and Pubmed databases were used as research sources, with 2 separate searches being carried out: one directed to the practice of PE and the other to the study of sedentary behavior, both in people with oncological disease. The PRISMA model was used, through which articles were filtered with a design exclusively with control and/or comparison groups with physical exercise intervention or with sedentary behavior published in the last 10 years. The same author reviewed 253 articles, of which nine met the eligibility criteria of the present study. Results: Exercise promotes beneficial adaptations in physical fitness and clinical data in different types of cancer. The inclusion of the HIIT method in combined PE programs promoted significant increases in Vo2peak. PE with moderate to vigorous intensity seems to be the most suitable for improving fatigue, depression, sleep quality, functional disability, reducing inflammation levels (cytokines), as well as attenuating other harmful changes related to cancer. The reduction in sedentary behavior also improved fatigue, depression and sleep quality. In future studies, it is important to respond to the gaps related to: the HR reference used for the prescription of PE; complete characterization of the applied PE dose, more evident in the strength PE; drugs used; reason for the withdrawal of participants and method of data collection for PE. Conclusions: The practice of PE promotes significant improvements in different health indicators in survivors with different types of cancer. Overall, these benefits seem to be achieved with PE interventions at moderate to vigorous intensities, whether exclusively aerobic or combined PE, with a frequency of 3-6 days a week, emphasizing that combined training with moderate intensities allows for a reduction in indicators general inflammatory agents (cytokines). The change in sedentary behavior, in addition to the benefits in physical fitness, registers an improvement in quality of life. This area of knowledge needs further investigation and with greater rigor to specify the PE dose and the dose-response effect in different types of oncological disease.
Description
Keywords
Cancro Sedentarismo Atividade física Exercício físico