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Promoção da atividade física na prática clínica dos fisioterapeutas em pessoas com dor músculo-esquelética não específica
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Enquadramento: As condições músculo-esqueléticas (CME) são uma das principais causas de dor e incapacidade a nível mundial, com impacto crescente associado ao envelhecimento populacional e ao estilo de vida sedentário. Em Portugal, as CME afetam mais de um quinto da população e constituem uma causa relevante de incapacidade e absentismo laboral. A atividade física (AF) é recomendada como intervenção de primeira linha, sobretudo em pessoas com dor músculo-esquelética não específica (DMNE). Os fisioterapeutas desempenham um papel central na promoção de AF, mas apresentam lacunas no conhecimento e na aplicação das recomendações, não existindo dados sobre esta realidade em Portugal. Objetivo: Caracterizar as práticas de promoção da AF dos fisioterapeutas portugueses em pessoas com DMNE, e identificar os fatores que influenciam a promoção de AF na prática clínica. Metodologia: Este estudo transversal incluiu fisioterapeutas com prática em CME que trabalham em Portugal e estão inscritos na Ordem dos Fisioterapeutas. Utilizou-se um questionário online, divulgado por e-mail e redes sociais. Os dados foram analisados com estatística descritiva e inferencial através da regressão logística. Resultados: Foram incluídos neste estudo 376 participantes. A maioria dos fisioterapeutas promove a AF, sobretudo através da abordagem e discussão (88,3%, n=332) e da indicação de estratégias para aumento da AF (77,4%, n=291). O número de utentes por hora, grupo etário, a perceção do conhecimento das recomendações, o nível de confiança e a crença de que ser ativo influencia a AF dos utentes associaram-se significativamente à promoção de AF. As barreiras identificadas estão relacionadas com o utente e a sua motivação para a prática de AF. Conclusões: A promoção da AF em contexto clínico é um fenómeno multifatorial associado a fatores pessoais, profissionais, sociodemográficos e organizacionais. Estes fatores devem ser considerados em estratégias que reforcem o papel dos fisioterapeutas na promoção da AF em Portugal.
Background: Musculoskeletal conditions (MSK) are among the leading causes of pain and disability worldwide, with an increasing impact associated with population ageing and sedentary lifestyles. In Portugal, MSK conditions affect more than one fifth of the population and represent a major cause of disability and work absenteeism. Physical activity (PA) is recommended as a first-line intervention, particularly for individuals with non-specific musculoskeletal pain (NMSP). Physiotherapists play a key role in promoting PA, yet evidence shows gaps in their knowledge and implementation of existing recommendations, and no data is currently available regarding this reality in Portugal. Objective: To characterize the PA promotion practices of Portuguese physiotherapists among people with NMSP and to identify the factors that influence PA promotion in clinical practice. Methods: This cross-sectional study included physiotherapists practicing in musculoskeletal care, working in Portugal, and registered within the Portuguese Physiotherapists’ Association. Data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed via email and social media. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, including logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 376 physiotherapists participated in the study. Most respondents reported promoting PA, mainly through discussion and counselling (88.3%, n = 332) and through the prescription of specific strategies to increase PA (77.4%, n = 291). Factors significantly associated with PA promotion included the number of patients per hour, age group, perceived knowledge of recommendations, confidence level, and the belief that being active influences patients’ PA behavior. The main barriers identified were related to patients’ motivation to engage in PA. Conclusions: The promotion of PA in clinical context is a multifactorial phenomenon influenced by personal, professional, sociodemographic, and organizational factors. These factors should be considered when developing strategies to strengthen the role of physiotherapists in promoting PA in Portugal.
Background: Musculoskeletal conditions (MSK) are among the leading causes of pain and disability worldwide, with an increasing impact associated with population ageing and sedentary lifestyles. In Portugal, MSK conditions affect more than one fifth of the population and represent a major cause of disability and work absenteeism. Physical activity (PA) is recommended as a first-line intervention, particularly for individuals with non-specific musculoskeletal pain (NMSP). Physiotherapists play a key role in promoting PA, yet evidence shows gaps in their knowledge and implementation of existing recommendations, and no data is currently available regarding this reality in Portugal. Objective: To characterize the PA promotion practices of Portuguese physiotherapists among people with NMSP and to identify the factors that influence PA promotion in clinical practice. Methods: This cross-sectional study included physiotherapists practicing in musculoskeletal care, working in Portugal, and registered within the Portuguese Physiotherapists’ Association. Data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed via email and social media. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, including logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 376 physiotherapists participated in the study. Most respondents reported promoting PA, mainly through discussion and counselling (88.3%, n = 332) and through the prescription of specific strategies to increase PA (77.4%, n = 291). Factors significantly associated with PA promotion included the number of patients per hour, age group, perceived knowledge of recommendations, confidence level, and the belief that being active influences patients’ PA behavior. The main barriers identified were related to patients’ motivation to engage in PA. Conclusions: The promotion of PA in clinical context is a multifactorial phenomenon influenced by personal, professional, sociodemographic, and organizational factors. These factors should be considered when developing strategies to strengthen the role of physiotherapists in promoting PA in Portugal.
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Dor músculo-esquelética não específica Prática clínica Promoção da atividade física Fisioterapia Non-specific musculoskeletal pain Clinical practice Physical activity promotion Physiotherapy