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Policonsumo de drogas ilícitas: que solução jurídica
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Authors
Abstract(s)
A descriminalização do consumo de produtos estupefacientes e de substâncias
psicotrópicas, consagrada pela Lei n.º 30/2000, de 29 de novembro, coloca Portugal na
vanguarda de países que, ancorados por uma visão pragmática e humanista, decidiram retirar
da tutela penal este comportamento e assumir internacionalmente que a dependência de
drogas ilícitas é antes de mais um problema de saúde. No entanto, da iniciativa do legislador,
que revogava expressamente a norma que punia criminalmente o consumo, resultou um
vazio legal para o intérprete e para as polícias sobre as situações de consumo, aquisição e
detenção de substâncias cuja quantidade ultrapasse o período de 10 dias de consumo médio
individual, motivando uma longa e controversa discussão doutrinária e jurisprudencial,
longe de estar sanada.
As polícias são confrontadas diariamente com episódios de posse que, não estando
objetivamente delineadas pela norma, criam dúvidas na atuação operacional que poderá
integrar tanto o universo do ilícito de mera ordenação social, como do crime. É o caso da
posse de múltiplas quantidades de drogas ilícitas cuja quantidade individual não ultrapasse
os 10 dias previstos pelo diploma da descriminalização: o policonsumo/poliposse.
Suportados pela doutrina e pela jurisprudência, pretendemos alcançar uma solução
jurídica para estes casos que permita às polícias, em particular à Polícia de Segurança
Pública, e aos operadores judiciários enquadrar tais ocorrências em respeito pela teleologia
do atual regime jurídico aplicável ao consumo e tráfico de estupefacientes e substâncias
psicotrópicas, bem como à proteção sanitária e social dos consumidores.
The decriminalization of drug use, enshrined in Lei n.º 30/2000, de 29 de novembro, places Portugal at the forefront of countries that, anchored by a pragmatic and humanist vision, decided to withdraw this behavior from criminal protection, assuming internationally that dependence on illicit drugs is first and foremost a health problem. However, the initiative of the legislator, which expressly repealed the rule that criminally punished drug use, resulted in a legal vacuum for the interpreter and the police on situations of consumption, acquisition and possession of substances whose quantity exceeds the period of ten days of average individual administration, motivating a long and controversial doctrinal and jurisprudential discussion far from being remedied. Police officers are often confronted with episodes of possession that, not being objectively delineated by the law, create doubts in the operational activity that can integrate both the universe of the administrative offense and crime. This is the case of the possession of multiple quantities of illicit drugs whose individual quantity does not exceed the ten days provided for by the decriminalization law: polyconsumption/polypossession. Supported by legal literature and case-law, we seek with this investigation to reach a legal solution to these cases that allows the police, in particular the Public Security Police, and the judicial operators to frame such occurrences in respect for the teleology of the current legal regime applicable to the consumption and drug dealing, as well as to the sanitary and social protection of drug users.
The decriminalization of drug use, enshrined in Lei n.º 30/2000, de 29 de novembro, places Portugal at the forefront of countries that, anchored by a pragmatic and humanist vision, decided to withdraw this behavior from criminal protection, assuming internationally that dependence on illicit drugs is first and foremost a health problem. However, the initiative of the legislator, which expressly repealed the rule that criminally punished drug use, resulted in a legal vacuum for the interpreter and the police on situations of consumption, acquisition and possession of substances whose quantity exceeds the period of ten days of average individual administration, motivating a long and controversial doctrinal and jurisprudential discussion far from being remedied. Police officers are often confronted with episodes of possession that, not being objectively delineated by the law, create doubts in the operational activity that can integrate both the universe of the administrative offense and crime. This is the case of the possession of multiple quantities of illicit drugs whose individual quantity does not exceed the ten days provided for by the decriminalization law: polyconsumption/polypossession. Supported by legal literature and case-law, we seek with this investigation to reach a legal solution to these cases that allows the police, in particular the Public Security Police, and the judicial operators to frame such occurrences in respect for the teleology of the current legal regime applicable to the consumption and drug dealing, as well as to the sanitary and social protection of drug users.
Description
Keywords
policonsumo/poliposse drogas ilícutas descriminação do consumo tráfico de droga polyconsumption/polypossession illicit drugs decriminalization of consumption drug trafficking