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Supervisão clínica em enfermagem: Processo de integração de enfermeiros em contexto hospitalar
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O processo de integração dos enfermeiros torna-se fulcral para a eficácia da
adaptação à organização de saúde e para a qualidade dos cuidados prestados.
Como parte do processo de integração, entende-se que seja facultado aos
enfermeiros em início de funções num serviço um manual de integração, no qual
os profissionais têm acesso a: orientações de trabalho necessárias para o
desempenho das suas funções; informações acerca da história da organização,
estrutura física, funcional e organizacional; objetivos e estratégias do serviço; e
informações necessárias que permitam ao enfermeiro adquirir uma visão global
da organização e facilite a sua inserção na comunidade (Loureiro et al., 2002).
De facto, existe a necessidade de se criarem programas de integração por parte
da gestão hospitalar e dos serviços, que indiquem o tempo e os recursos
adequados para a integração dos enfermeiros recém-formados, considerando a
necessidade de treino adicional de acordo com as especificidades do serviço
(Willman, Bjuresäter & Nilsson, 2020). Além disso, a escolha do enfermeiro
responsável pelo processo de integração do enfermeiro recém-admitido é
fundamental, já que contribuirá para um ambiente de confiança e estabilidade
para este profissional (Winstanley & White, 2014).
Assim, a presente investigação tem como objetivos: conhecer a perceção dos
enfermeiros relativa à sua integração num serviço de especialidade cirúrgica;
conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros responsáveis pelo processo de integração
num serviço de especialidade cirúrgica; identificar as caraterísticas do supervisor
clínico em enfermagem na perspetiva dos dois grupos de enfermeiros; conceber
a estrutura de um manual de integração para enfermeiros para um serviço de
especialidade cirúrgica. No que concerne à metodologia, fizeram parte da
amostra os enfermeiros integrados (6) e os enfermeiros responsáveis pela sua
integração (4) de 2019 a 2023. Considerando o tema em análise, optou-se por
um estudo exploratório de cariz qualitativo. A colheita de dados foi através de
entrevista semiestruturada e a análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin (2022).
Do ponto de vista de resultados, emergiram diferentes subcategorias e
categorias nos dois grupos de enfermeiros, que estão na origem dos seguintes
domínios: perceção do processo de integração; relação supervisiva em
enfermagem; e manual de integração. Pode-se então concluir que o processo
supervisivo desempenha um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento profissional
dos enfermeiros em integração, uma vez que neste período o enfermeiro em
integração passa por um período de transição. De facto, o impacto da relação
supervisiva traduz-se ao nível da qualidade/ segurança dos cuidados e
crescimento profissional, sendo que a inexistência de um manual de integração
é considerada uma barreira no processo de integração.
The nurses' integration process is crucial to their effective adaptation to the healthcare organization and the quality of care provided. As part of the integration process, nurses starting their roles in a service should be provided with an integration manual, which provides professionals with access to: work guidelines necessary for performing their duties; information about the organization's history, physical, functional, and organizational structure; service objectives and strategies; and necessary information that allows nurses to acquire a global view of the organization and facilitates their integration into the community (Loureiro et al., 2002). There is a need for hospital and service management to create integration programs that indicate adequate time and resources for the integration of newly graduated nurses, considering the need for additional training according to the specificities of the service (Willman, Bjuresäter & Nilsson, 2020). Furthermore, choosing the nurse responsible for the integration process of the newly admitted nurse is fundamental, as it will contribute to an environment of trust and stability for this professional (Winstanley & White, 2014). Therefore, this research aims to: understand nurses' perceptions regarding their integration into a surgical specialty service; understand the perceptions of nurses responsible for the integration process into a surgical specialty service; identify the characteristics of the clinical nursing supervisor from the perspective of both groups of nurses; and design the structure of an manual for the integration of nurses in a surgical specialty service. Regarding the methodology, the sample included six integrated nurses and four nurses responsible for their integration from 2019 to 2023. Considering the topic under analysis, an exploratory qualitative study was chosen. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews and content analysis according to Bardin (2022). As results, different subcategories and categories emerged in both groups of nurses, which gave rise to the following domains: perception of the integration process; nursing supervisory relationship; and integration manual. It can be concluded that the supervisory process plays a fundamental role in the professional development of nurses undergoing integration, as this is a transitional period. Indeed, the impact of the supervisory relationship is reflected in the quality/safety of care and professional growth, with the lack of an integration manual being considered a barrier to the integration process.
The nurses' integration process is crucial to their effective adaptation to the healthcare organization and the quality of care provided. As part of the integration process, nurses starting their roles in a service should be provided with an integration manual, which provides professionals with access to: work guidelines necessary for performing their duties; information about the organization's history, physical, functional, and organizational structure; service objectives and strategies; and necessary information that allows nurses to acquire a global view of the organization and facilitates their integration into the community (Loureiro et al., 2002). There is a need for hospital and service management to create integration programs that indicate adequate time and resources for the integration of newly graduated nurses, considering the need for additional training according to the specificities of the service (Willman, Bjuresäter & Nilsson, 2020). Furthermore, choosing the nurse responsible for the integration process of the newly admitted nurse is fundamental, as it will contribute to an environment of trust and stability for this professional (Winstanley & White, 2014). Therefore, this research aims to: understand nurses' perceptions regarding their integration into a surgical specialty service; understand the perceptions of nurses responsible for the integration process into a surgical specialty service; identify the characteristics of the clinical nursing supervisor from the perspective of both groups of nurses; and design the structure of an manual for the integration of nurses in a surgical specialty service. Regarding the methodology, the sample included six integrated nurses and four nurses responsible for their integration from 2019 to 2023. Considering the topic under analysis, an exploratory qualitative study was chosen. Data collection was through semi-structured interviews and content analysis according to Bardin (2022). As results, different subcategories and categories emerged in both groups of nurses, which gave rise to the following domains: perception of the integration process; nursing supervisory relationship; and integration manual. It can be concluded that the supervisory process plays a fundamental role in the professional development of nurses undergoing integration, as this is a transitional period. Indeed, the impact of the supervisory relationship is reflected in the quality/safety of care and professional growth, with the lack of an integration manual being considered a barrier to the integration process.
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Perceptoria Enfermeiros Hospital