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Fatores de risco no desenvolvimento de úlceras de pressão no doente em estado crítico numa UCI
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 2.12 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
condição de saúde e/ou dos percursos terapêuticos apresenta maior vulnerabilidade. Assim,
esta vulnerabilidade propicia a ocorrência de eventos adversos, nomeadamente o
aparecimento de úlceras de pressão.
OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores de risco no desenvolvimento de UP numa unidade de
cuidados intensivos.
METODOLOGIA: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, descritivo, observacional. Desenho do
estudo de coorte retrospetivo. Foi feita uma análise dos processos clínicos dos doentes
internados numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos entre junho e dezembro de 2020, em três
momentos do período de internamento, o dia da admissão (DO), o décimo dia (D1O) e
aquando da alta (DALTA). O instrumento de recolha de dados utilizado, inclui as
características sociodemográficas, clínicas, terapêuticas, intrínsecas, a utilização de
dispositivos médicos e primárias de todos os sujeitos, com internamentos superiores a dez
dias.
RESULTADOS: Obtivemos uma amostra de 116 doentes, maioritariamente do sexo masculino
e com uma média de idades de 58,98 anos. Perto de metade da amostra, 49,1% apresentou,
pelo menos, uma úlcera de pressão durante internamento e em média aos 11,69 dias. Os
doentes com maior vulnerabilidade ao aparecimento de úlceras de pressão foram os doentes
com maior número de dias de internamento, com presença de Sonda Nasogástrica,
Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva, cateter urinário e imobilização cervical. O mesmo acontece
nos doentes com alterações do estado de consciência, submetido ao tratamento de
Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorporal e a aminas vasopressores.
CONCLUSÕES: O nosso estudo sugere que os sujeitos que permanecem em serviços de
medicina intensiva, por mais de dez dias, que utilizam dispositivos médicos SNG, VMI, cateter
vesical e imobilização cervical e apresentam diagnóstico de UP, são os mais suscetíveis a
desenvolver úlceras por pressão.
INTRODUCTION: Due to their health status and/or treatment history, critical care patients in intensive care exhibit greater susceptibility. As a result of this vulnerability, adverse events such as pressure ulcers (UP) can occur. OBJECTIVE: Determine the risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing UP in an intensive care unit (ICU). METODOLOGY: Quantitative, observational study. The study design is retrospective cohort study. Through the use of a data collecting tool, the clinical data of patients interned in an ICU between July and December 2020 were examined on the admission day (DO), tenth day, and at the time of medical release (DALTA). Specific variables (sociodemographic, clinical, intrinsic, and therapeutic), medical equipment, and patient primary data were taken into account during the analysis. RESULTS: The bulk of the 116 patients observed were mainly men, with a mean age of 60 (±58.98) years. Nearly 49.1 % of these individuals had at least one pressure ulcer after being interned for twelve days (±11.69). UP primarily manifested after a long internment involving invasive mechanical breathing, urine catheter, and cervical immobilization. The same fact occurred in patients who experienced altered states of consciousness as a result of vasopressor amines and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence suggests that people who stay in intensive care units for more than ten days are more susceptible to developing pressure ulcers. We believe that by expanding this body of knowledge in the area of pressure ulcer development in critically ill patients, we can improve clinical management and lay the groundwork for future research projects.
INTRODUCTION: Due to their health status and/or treatment history, critical care patients in intensive care exhibit greater susceptibility. As a result of this vulnerability, adverse events such as pressure ulcers (UP) can occur. OBJECTIVE: Determine the risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing UP in an intensive care unit (ICU). METODOLOGY: Quantitative, observational study. The study design is retrospective cohort study. Through the use of a data collecting tool, the clinical data of patients interned in an ICU between July and December 2020 were examined on the admission day (DO), tenth day, and at the time of medical release (DALTA). Specific variables (sociodemographic, clinical, intrinsic, and therapeutic), medical equipment, and patient primary data were taken into account during the analysis. RESULTS: The bulk of the 116 patients observed were mainly men, with a mean age of 60 (±58.98) years. Nearly 49.1 % of these individuals had at least one pressure ulcer after being interned for twelve days (±11.69). UP primarily manifested after a long internment involving invasive mechanical breathing, urine catheter, and cervical immobilization. The same fact occurred in patients who experienced altered states of consciousness as a result of vasopressor amines and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence suggests that people who stay in intensive care units for more than ten days are more susceptible to developing pressure ulcers. We believe that by expanding this body of knowledge in the area of pressure ulcer development in critically ill patients, we can improve clinical management and lay the groundwork for future research projects.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados intensivos Medicina intensiva Lesão por pressão Úlcera de pressão Fatores de risco