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Psychosocial adjustment and health in older people: cluster analysis
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Autores
Lima, Ligia
Santos, Célia
Bastos, Celeste
Martins, MM
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Enquadramento: O envelhecimento saudável tem uma dimensão física e psicossocial, o que justifica a necessidade
de melhor compreender o ajuste psicossocial das pessoas idosas.
Objetivos: Estudar o processo de ajustamento psicossocial em idosos e explorar a sua associação com as variáveis
sociodemográficas e clínicas.
Metodologia: Estudo exploratório, quantitativo e transversal. Participaram 922 idosos residentes na comunidade,
com idades entre os 64 e 99 anos. Foram estudadas as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas, perceção de saúde, afeto
positivo e negativo, suporte social percebido e adesão aos medicamentos.
Resultados: Identificou-se a existência de 3 perfis de ajustamento psicossocial. O perfil caracterizado pelos piores
resultados em todos os indicadores, denominado de pior ajustamento, agrega os idosos com uma idade intermédia
(M = 74,7; DP = 7,08) e que relatam mais sintomas e patologias.
Conclusão: Este estudo sugere a existência de um grupo mais vulnerável de idosos, apontando para a necessidade
de se desenvolverem intervenções de enfermagem focadas em recursos adaptativos promotores de uma melhor saúde
e capacitação psicossocial.
Background: Healthy aging has both a physical and a psychosocial dimension, which justifies the need to better understand older people’s psychosocial adjustment. Objectives: To study the psychosocial adjustment process in older people and explore its association with sociodemographic and clinical variables. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, and exploratory study was conducted with 922 community- dwelling older people aged 64 to 99 years. The following sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed: perceived health; positive and negative affect; perceived social support; and medication adherence. Results: Three psychosocial adjustment profiles were identified. The profile with the lowest scores in all indicators, called the worst adjustment, was composed of intermediate-age older people (M = 74.7; SD = 7.08), who also reported more symptoms and diseases. Conclusion: This study suggests the existence of a group of particularly vulnerable older people and highlights the need to develop nursing interventions focused on adaptive resources that can improve their health and psychosocial adjustment.
Background: Healthy aging has both a physical and a psychosocial dimension, which justifies the need to better understand older people’s psychosocial adjustment. Objectives: To study the psychosocial adjustment process in older people and explore its association with sociodemographic and clinical variables. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, and exploratory study was conducted with 922 community- dwelling older people aged 64 to 99 years. The following sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed: perceived health; positive and negative affect; perceived social support; and medication adherence. Results: Three psychosocial adjustment profiles were identified. The profile with the lowest scores in all indicators, called the worst adjustment, was composed of intermediate-age older people (M = 74.7; SD = 7.08), who also reported more symptoms and diseases. Conclusion: This study suggests the existence of a group of particularly vulnerable older people and highlights the need to develop nursing interventions focused on adaptive resources that can improve their health and psychosocial adjustment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Idoso Ajustamento social Saúde
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Revista de Enfermagem Referência Série IV - n.º 16 - JAN./FEV./MAR.
Editora
Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde - Enfermagem da Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra