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Fuentes García, Juan Pedro

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  • Cognition and action : an ecological perspective in sport
    Publication . Dias, Gonçalo; Cabral Mendes, Pedro; Santos, João; Gama, José; Mendes, Rui; Menayo, Ruperto; Pedro Fuentes García, Juan
    The ecological approach that has come to be used in recent years to frame the learning and performance of sports skills, contrasts with the explanatory models of motor control that traditionally attach great importance to the mental representations of movement. In this sense, this work frames the ecological vision of cognition in sport in a comprehensive perspective, describing the athlete as a whole and not just what is happening inside his "head". We conclude that the emergent action in sports context results primarily from the interaction that the athlete establishes with the environment, therefore it is not necessary to use cognitive processes designed to succeed in the task. In this context, we propose to coaches that they should explore the functional aspects that underlie the manipulation of individual, environmental and task constraints, thus allowing their athletes to autonomously discover motor solutions and find relevant information-action couplings by themselves.
  • Effects of an extrinsic constraint on the tennis serve
    Publication . Cabral Mendes, Pedro; Couceiro, Micael; Rocha, Rúben; Manuel Clemente, Filipe; M. L. Martins, Fernando; Mendes, Rui; García, Juan Pedro Fuentes
    This study analysed the extrinsic constraint of induced aerodynamic flow (IAF) on the first serve by expert tennis players with temporal organization of the movement, as well as the velocity and amplitude of the racket motion analyzed. Twelve expert right-handed tennis players voluntarily participated in this study. Each player performed 20 trials without IAF and another 20 trials for each different speed configuration of induced cross-wind: 2.4 m/s; 4.3 m/s; 5.8 m/s; and random speed. The coefficient of variation, r-pearson test and the inferential test one-way ANOVA were used to compare movement data. The results suggest spatio-temporal adjustments depending on the wind speed. Moreover, statistical differences were identified on both the temporal organization of the serve and on the racket's motion amplitude and velocity. The intra- and inter-individual variability of the motor behavior shows the uniqueness of the serve movement of each player.
  • Análise do rendimento no primeiro serviço em tenistas de competição sob o efeito de um escoamento aerodinâmico induzido
    Publication . Cabral Mendes, Pedro; Mendes, Rui; M. L. Martins, Fernando; Vicente, M. A. Facas; García, Juan Pedro Fuentes; Menayo, Ruperto; Dias, Gonçalo
    O presente estudo analisou as variáveis de produto no serviço de tênis em 12 jogadores experientes, quando constrangidos com um escoamento aerodinâmico induzido (EAI) produzido por um ventilador industrial. Para o cálculo da exatidão do serviço, recorreu-se a uma análise 2D. A velocidade de saída da bola foi medida através de um radar. Os jogadores realizaram 100 serviços à máxima velocidade e para o ponto de interseção da linha central e linha de serviço. Os resultados não evidenciam diferenças estatisticamente signifi cativas na exatidão e precisão entre a condição de controlo e as quatro condições com EAI. Na variável velocidade de serviço verificaram-se diferenças significativas em seis participantes. Na relação entre a velocidade e a exatidão constatou-se a existência de correlações negativas e estatisticamente significativas, nas condições EAI1; EAI3 e EAI aleatório. Os jogadores apresentaram uma menor exatidão e precisão em profundidade e maior na direção do serviço.