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- Energy Mix in the Production of HydrogenPublication . Pereira, Carlos; Coelho, Paulo; Fernandes, José; Gomes, MárioThis paper presents a study related to the production of electricity through a mini-hydro plant (MHP) and a photovoltaic (PV) system particularly sized for a location in Tomar (Portugal). A system based on this energy mix is adopted in order to produce hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) at high pressure for energy storage purposes. The main features of the different equipments chosen in this study are also presented in the paper.
- Performance Comparison of Grid-Faulty Control Schemes for Inverter-Based Industrial MicrogridsPublication . Camacho Santiago, Antonio; Castilla, Miguel; Canziani, Franco; Moreira, Carlos; Coelho, Paulo; Gomes, Mário; Mercado, PedroSeveral control schemes specifically designed to operate inverter-based industrial microgrids during voltage sags have been recently proposed. This paper first classifies these control schemes in three categories and then performs a comparative analysis of them. Representative control schemes of each category are selected, described and used to identify the main features and performance of the considered category. The comparison is based on the evaluation of several indexes, which measure the power quality of the installation and utility grid during voltage sags, including voltage regulation, reactive current injection and transient response. The paper includes selected simulation results from a 500 kVA industrial microgrid to validate the expected features of the considered control schemes. Finally, in view of the obtained results, the paper proposes an alternative solution to cope with voltage sags, which includes the use of a static compensator in parallel with the microgrid. The novelty of this proposal is the suitable selection of the control schemes for both the microgrid and the static compensator. The superior performance of the proposal is confirmed by the analysis of the quality indexes. Its practical limitations are also revealed, showing that the topic studied in this paper is still open for further research.
- Hydrogen Production via Wastewater Electrolysis – An Integrated Approach ReviewPublication . Cartaxo, Marco; Fernandes, José; Gomes, Mário; Pinho, Henrique J. O.; Nunes, Valentim; Coelho, PauloHuman activities generate enormous amounts of wastewater. The hydrogen production from this new resource has gained attention as an emergent technology. Incorporating photovoltaic energy production with different electrolysis systems which can treat wastewaters and produce hydrogen simultaneously will lead to an environmentally-friendly and sustainable hydrogen production.
- Wastewater Electrolysis for Hydrogen ProductionPublication . Cartaxo, Marco; Fernandes, José; Gomes, Mário; Pinho, Henrique J. O.; Nunes, Valentim; Coelho, PauloDue to its highest gravimetric energy density, H2 has been regarded as the preferred clean-energy carrier, with potentially environmentally-friendly production through the solar-assisted WS. Since human activities generate enormous amounts of WW, H2 production from this new resource has gained attention as an emergent technology. This paper addresses the most relevant and current aspects of H2 production from WWEL, and electricity generation from RES. In this sense, the state of art of H2 production, especially from WS, is presented here, as well as the main approaches to electricity generation from RES, with the greatest potential for viability. A new approach on this matter, which is part of the work that is being developed by the authors of this study, was also herein presented.
- Net Zero Energy for Industrial and Commercial Microgrids: Approaches and ChallengesPublication . Bandeiras, Filipe; Gomes, Mário; Coelho, Paulo; Fernandes, JoséThis paper addresses the concept of net zero energy and net metering in efficient buildings in order to assist in the study and development of future microgrids for buildings with annual zero energy consumption. There are several definitions for zero energy buildings available in the literature with a distinct set of project goals and interests, but this work is focused on the definition that accounts for energy losses by converting each energy type to source energy. Finally, a case study is presented to evaluate whether four distinct all-electric buildings can achieve annual zero energy by deploying on-site renewable sources within their site boundary.