INMLCF - Livros e Capítulos de Livros
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- O Farmacêutico e as Ciências ForensesPublication . Franco, João MiguelA atividade farmacêutica pode ser bastante abrangente e por isso revelar-se muito importante para ajudar a esclarecer muitas questões de âmbito forense. A intervenção do farmacêutico pode assim abranger áreas tão diversas como seja o esclarecimento de situações de má-prática profissional, o estudo de reações adversas a drogas e medicamentos ou o impacto do consumo de álcool e substâncias psicotrópicas e estupefacientes na condução de veículos, entre muitos outros casos de carácter civil ou criminal. Contudo, devido ao facto de os farmacêuticos serem especialistas nas ciências relacionadas com a utilização de medicamentos ou drogas, seja para fins terapêuticos ou num contexto abusivo, bem como na utilização de meios instrumentais para as análises destas substâncias, a sua intervenção assume um particular relevo na área da toxicologia forense.
- Laser scanning microdissection - Advantages and pitfalls in forensic diagnosis.Publication . Cainé, Laura; Costa, Sergio; Correia-de-Sá, Paulo; Porto, Maria JoãoLaser microdissection (LMD) is a technology that has been around for more than 40 years. It combines the amplification power of a microscope with the precision cut of objects allowed by the laser technology. The main use of a Laser Microdissection System (LMS) is for clinical purposes, in order to isolate cells or its components of interest. Only in the last decade has LMD been used for forensic purposes, mainly in sexual assault casework for isolating sperm cells from vaginal swabs. Sexual assault cases are among the most difficult scenarios that forensic laboratories have to deal with. Several factors impact the achievement of a result that either implicates or exonerates a suspect. Among these factors, the most important are the quality of the sample, the amounts of DNA present or even their relative proportions in a mixture. Sometimes the interpretation of the mixture is complex, mainly without reference samples from the victim and the suspect. The LMD technology allows the selection of individual cells based on morphology (e.g. sperm cells opposed to epithelial) or on labeling with specific fluorescent dyes for posterior analysis. Mixture analysis with an azoospermic or oligospermic contributor is even more challenging. In the absence of sperm cells, male and female cells are indistinguishable, requiring the use of specific fluorescent dyes. The use of these techniques can also pave the way for detection of enough cells for analysis. Here we try to gather the main options to undertake laser microdissection analysis in forensic casework, highlighting in particular the pros and cons of combining LMD with fluorescence identification of interest specimens to increase accuracy and to speed-up isolation.
- Amostras Biológicas em investigações forenses: evolução dos métodos de análisePublication . Cainé, Laura; Fadoni, Jennifer; Cunha, Mariana